Uso de Nematodos entomopatógenos para el control de insectos en cultivos de Hortalizas
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ronquillo Moran, Andy | |
| dc.contributor.author | Zambrano Zambrano, David Alexander | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-03T17:01:23Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-09-03T17:01:23Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/17150 | |
| dc.description | This research focused on the use of entomopathogenic nematodes for pest control in vegetable crops, addressing their identification, mechanisms of action, efficiency, and environmental impact. The general objective was to describe their use, while the specific objectives included identifying the main entomopathogenic nematodes, detailing their control mechanisms, and analyzing their efficiency under different conditions and crops. The methodology used consisted of an exhaustive review of scientific literature. The results revealed that the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are the main entomopathogenic nematodes used, due to their high effectiveness against a variety of pest insects. The control mechanisms include infecting the host by releasing symbiotic bacteria, causing the insect's death within a few days. The efficiency of these nematodes can reach up to 50% pest reduction under optimal conditions, although factors such as soil temperature and humidity can significantly influence their performance. Regarding environmental impact, the use of entomopathogenic nematodes presents a lower risk compared to chemical pesticides, as they do not leave toxic residues and are safe for non-target organisms. The main conclusions of the research underscore the effectiveness and sustainability of entomopathogenic nematodes as a viable alternative for pest management in vegetable crops. Additionally, the need for further research to optimize application conditions and maximize efficiency in various agricultural contexts is highlighted | es_ES |
| dc.description | This research focused on the use of entomopathogenic nematodes for pest control in vegetable crops, addressing their identification, mechanisms of action, efficiency, and environmental impact. The general objective was to describe their use, while the specific objectives included identifying the main entomopathogenic nematodes, detailing their control mechanisms, and analyzing their efficiency under different conditions and crops. The methodology used consisted of an exhaustive review of scientific literature. The results revealed that the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are the main entomopathogenic nematodes used, due to their high effectiveness against a variety of pest insects. The control mechanisms include infecting the host by releasing symbiotic bacteria, causing the insect's death within a few days. The efficiency of these nematodes can reach up to 50% pest reduction under optimal conditions, although factors such as soil temperature and humidity can significantly influence their performance. Regarding environmental impact, the use of entomopathogenic nematodes presents a lower risk compared to chemical pesticides, as they do not leave toxic residues and are safe for non-target organisms. The main conclusions of the research underscore the effectiveness and sustainability of entomopathogenic nematodes as a viable alternative for pest management in vegetable crops. Additionally, the need for further research to optimize application conditions and maximize efficiency in various agricultural contexts is highlighted | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Esta investigación se centró en el uso de nematodos entomopatógenos para el control de plagas en cultivos de hortalizas abordando su identificación, mecanismos de acción, eficiencia e impacto ambiental; el objetivo fue describir su uso, mientras que los objetivos específicos incluyeron la identificación de los principales nematodos entomopatógenos, el detalle de sus mecanismos de control, y el análisis de su eficiencia en diferentes condiciones y cultivos. La metodología utilizada consistió en una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica, por otro lado, los resultados revelaron que los géneros Steinernema y Heterorhabditis son los principales nematodos entomopatógenos utilizados debido a su alta efectividad contra una variedad de insectos plaga; los mecanismos de control incluyen la infección del huésped mediante la liberación de bacterias simbióticas, causando la muerte del insecto en pocos días, de esta forma se puede afirmar que la eficiencia de estos nematodos puede alcanzar hasta el 50% de reducción de plagas en condiciones óptimas, aunque factores como la temperatura y la humedad del suelo pueden influir significativamente en su desempeño. En cuanto al impacto ambiental, el uso de nematodos entomopatógenos presenta un menor riesgo comparado con los pesticidas químicos, ya que no dejan residuos tóxicos y son seguros para organismos no objetivo; en cuanto a las principales conclusiones de la investigación, estas subrayan la efectividad y sostenibilidad de los nematodos entomopatógenos como una alternativa viable para el manejo de plagas en cultivos de hortalizas, adicionalmente, se destaca la necesidad de seguir investigando para optimizar las condiciones de aplicación y maximizar su eficiencia en diversos contextos agrícolas. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 30 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Nematodos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Entomopatógenos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Biocontrol | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Hortalizas | es_ES |
| dc.title | Uso de Nematodos entomopatógenos para el control de insectos en cultivos de Hortalizas | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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