Técnicas para disminuir la monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Rodríguez Gómez, Pedro José | |
| dc.contributor.author | Castro León, Angy Betzaida | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-04-30T21:03:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-04-30T21:03:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/18133 | |
| dc.description | This case study, since it is a disease that affects the quantity and quality of the pod, causing significant economic losses to farmers, this research addresses agricultural techniques to reduce the monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) in the cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.). The implementation of effective management techniques is the key objective to control the disease and increase the sustainability of the crop. The approach applied was a bibliographic study based on technical articles on the control of the monilla, previous studies and scientific articles. Sanitary pruning, integrated pest management, the use of resistant types, biological control with Trichoderma spp., and agroforestry systems were other approaches evaluated. The findings showed that while integrated management allowed production to reach 4.2 quintals per fortnight, sanitary pruning reduced the incidence of diseased fruits by 30%. The resistant versions reduced the initial infection by 40%; biological control increased production by 20%. This study confirmed that the application of these techniques was essential for the control of monilla. These strategies demonstrated a reduction in the disease and managed to improve its yield and reduce damage that affected the crop and, above all, its profitability. Finally, it was recommended that personnel be trained so that they can identify this disease in time and reduce losses. It was also suggested that they carry out a project on genetic improvement in order to be able to use resistant varieties and guarantee their acceptance by farmers. | es_ES |
| dc.description | This case study, since it is a disease that affects the quantity and quality of the pod, causing significant economic losses to farmers, this research addresses agricultural techniques to reduce the monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) in the cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.). The implementation of effective management techniques is the key objective to control the disease and increase the sustainability of the crop. The approach applied was a bibliographic study based on technical articles on the control of the monilla, previous studies and scientific articles. Sanitary pruning, integrated pest management, the use of resistant types, biological control with Trichoderma spp., and agroforestry systems were other approaches evaluated. The findings showed that while integrated management allowed production to reach 4.2 quintals per fortnight, sanitary pruning reduced the incidence of diseased fruits by 30%. The resistant versions reduced the initial infection by 40%; biological control increased production by 20%. This study confirmed that the application of these techniques was essential for the control of monilla. These strategies demonstrated a reduction in the disease and managed to improve its yield and reduce damage that affected the crop and, above all, its profitability. Finally, it was recommended that personnel be trained so that they can identify this disease in time and reduce losses. It was also suggested that they carry out a project on genetic improvement in order to be able to use resistant varieties and guarantee their acceptance by farmers. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Este estudio de caso, por tratarse de una enfermedad que afecta la cantidad y calidad de la mazorca, ocasionando importantes pérdidas económicas a los agricultores, esta investigación aborda las técnicas agrícolas para reducir la monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). La implementación de técnicas de manejo efectivas es el objetivo clave para controlar la enfermedad y aumentar la sostenibilidad del cultivo. En este estudio aplicamos artículos técnicos sobre el control de la monilla de otros estudios anteriores y similares, también sacamos información de revistas y artículos científicos. La poda sanitaria, el manejo integrado de plagas, el uso de tipos resistentes, los biocontroladores y sistemas agroforestales, fueron los enfoques que evaluamos en nuestro estudio de caso. Nuestra investigación mostro que el manejo integrado permitió que la producción alcanzara 4,2 quintales por quincena, la poda sanitaria ayudo a aumentar la producción en un 25%. Las variedades resistentes redujeron la infección inicial en un 40% lo que permitió mantener un promedio de 4.5 quintales cada 15 días el control biológico aumentó la producción en un 20%. Este estudio confirmo que la aplicación de estas técnicas fue fundamental para el control de la monilla, estas estrategias demostraron una reducción de la enfermedad y lograron mejorar su rendimiento y disminuir daños que afectaban al cultivo y sobre todo su rentabilidad. Como último se recomendó capacitar el personal para que puedan identificar esta enfermedad a tiempo y reducir las pérdidas, también se sugiere que realicen un proyecto sobre el mejoramiento genético y así poder tener un uso de variedades resistentes y garantizar una acogida por parte de los agricultores. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 42 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2025 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
| dc.subject | Cacao | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Control biológico | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Enfermedades agrícolas | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Manejo integrado | es_ES |
| dc.title | Técnicas para disminuir la monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L) | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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