dc.contributor.advisor | Zambrano Dolver, José | |
dc.contributor.author | Muñoz Minda, Mayely Daniela | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-06-04T19:22:47Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-06-04T19:22:47Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/18548 | |
dc.description | This clinical case describes the nutritional care process in a 40-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and eating disorders. The patient presents uncontrolled arterial hypertension, persistent fatigue and edema in the lower limbs. Biochemical tests reflect elevated levels of serum creatinine (8.5 mg/dL), urea nitrogen (95 mg/dL) and hyperkalemia (5.9 mEq/L), as well as elevated anemia (hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL) and marked proteinuria. Based on the anthropometric, biochemical and dietary evaluation, protein-energy malnutrition in the early phase and excessive consumption of sodium, food and protein were identified. A personalized diet plan was designed, with sodium restriction (<2000 mg/day), nutritional and potassium control, and adjustment of protein intake (0.8 g/kg/day), promoting sources of high biological value. In addition, a nutritional education program was implemented to improve adherence to treatment. Subsequently, there was an improvement in biochemical parameters, with a reduction in creatinine (6.8 mg/dL), urea nitrogen (70 mg/dL) and serum potassium (5.2 mEq/L) levels. The patient lost 2.5 kg of weight, reduced his abdominal circumference by 3 cm and improved his mood and energy. Adherence to the dietary plan reached 85%, reflecting the effectiveness of nutritional intervention to control the progression of renal enzymes and optimize the patient's quality of life. | es_ES |
dc.description | This clinical case describes the nutritional care process in a 40-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and eating disorders. The patient presents uncontrolled arterial hypertension, persistent fatigue and edema in the lower limbs. Biochemical tests reflect elevated levels of serum creatinine (8.5 mg/dL), urea nitrogen (95 mg/dL) and hyperkalemia (5.9 mEq/L), as well as elevated anemia (hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL) and marked proteinuria. Based on the anthropometric, biochemical and dietary evaluation, protein-energy malnutrition in the early phase and excessive consumption of sodium, food and protein were identified. A personalized diet plan was designed, with sodium restriction (<2000 mg/day), nutritional and potassium control, and adjustment of protein intake (0.8 g/kg/day), promoting sources of high biological value. In addition, a nutritional education program was implemented to improve adherence to treatment. Subsequently, there was an improvement in biochemical parameters, with a reduction in creatinine (6.8 mg/dL), urea nitrogen (70 mg/dL) and serum potassium (5.2 mEq/L) levels. The patient lost 2.5 kg of weight, reduced his abdominal circumference by 3 cm and improved his mood and energy. Adherence to the dietary plan reached 85%, reflecting the effectiveness of nutritional intervention to control the progression of renal enzymes and optimize the patient's quality of life. | es_ES |
dc.description.abstract | En este caso clínico se describe el proceso de atención nutricional en un paciente masculino de 40 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) estadio 5, con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. El paciente presenta hipertensión arterial no controlada, fatiga persistente y edemas en miembros inferiores. Los exámenes bioquímicos reflejan niveles elevados de creatinina sérica (8,5 mg/dL), nitrógeno ureico (95 mg/dL) e hiperkalemia (5,9 mEq/L), así como anemia elevada (hemoglobina 9,8 g/dL) y proteinuria marcada. Con base en la evaluación antropométrica, bioquímica y dietética, se identificó desnutrición proteico-energética en fase temprana y consumo excesivo de sodio, alimentos y proteínas. Se diseñó un plan de alimentación personalizado, con restricción de sodio (<2000 mg/día), control nutricional y de potasio, y ajuste de la ingesta proteica (0,8 g/kg/día), promoviendo fuentes de alto valor biológico. Además, se implementó un programa de educación nutricional para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento. Posteriormente se produce una mejoría de los parámetros bioquímicos, con una reducción de los niveles de creatinina (6,8 mg/dL), nitrógeno ureico (70 mg/dL) y potasio sérico (5,2 mEq/L). El paciente pierde 2,5 kg de peso, reduce su circunferencia abdominal en 3 cm y mejora su estado de ánimo y su energía. La adherencia al plan dietético alcanza el 85%, lo que refleja la eficacia de la intervención nutricional para controlar la progresión de las enzimas renales y optimizar la calidad de vida del paciente. | es_ES |
dc.format.extent | 41 p. | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
dc.publisher | Babahoyo: UTB-FCS, 2025 | es_ES |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
dc.subject | Insuficiencia renal crónica | es_ES |
dc.subject | Estadio 5 | es_ES |
dc.subject | Nutrición | es_ES |
dc.subject | Intervención Dietética | es_ES |
dc.subject | Enfermedad | es_ES |
dc.subject.other | Nutrición y Dietética | es_ES |
dc.title | Proceso de atención nutricional en paciente masculino de 40 años de edad con insuficiencia renal estadio 5. | es_ES |
dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |