Control químico de la cochinilla harinosa (Dysmicoccus brevipes, Cockerell 1893) en el cultivo de piña (Ananas comosus) en el Ecuador
| dc.contributor.advisor | Gutiérrez Mora, Xavier Alberto | |
| dc.contributor.author | Dávila Sáenz, Valentin Walter | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-10T15:55:44Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-10T15:55:44Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/13171 | |
| dc.description | Pineapple (Ananas comosus), is a tropical fruit of South American origin, it is favorable for humans due to its bromelain content, it has favorable potential for the recovery of weight loss, it is rich in vitamins A, B, C and E. ; It has minerals like phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper. Pineapple is the most demanded fruit in the world, due to its pleasant flavor and high fiber content. It has a high percentage of water, it is low in calories. Pineapple stems contain bromelain, a digestive proteolytic enzyme that acts as a substitute for gastric juices, improves digestion and destroys intestinal parasites. It is also used in the food industry, as a meat tenderizer. The main insect pest of pineapple cultivation is the mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes, it can be found in all parts of the pineapple, but especially at the base of the basal leaves, the roots of the plant, and in the floral cavities of the fruit. Mealybugs cause yellowing in the plant and retard its growth, since they feed on the sap of roots, stems and fruits. They are vectors of the “Wilt” wilt virus. Its control is very difficult, since this pest attacks at any stage of crop development. Constant monitoring must be maintained, the presence of mealybugs is closely related to the population of ants, which protect the mealybug from the attack of parasites, predators and keep the colony clean from the presence of fungi that can affect both the mealybug like the plant. As a chemical control, at a low incidence of said pest, insecticides can be used, such as potassium salt soap or botanical extracts. In case of high infections, it is worth using products based on diazinon, chlorpyrifos, among others recommended for the crop and plague, following the recommended dose on the label. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Pineapple (Ananas comosus), is a tropical fruit of South American origin, it is favorable for humans due to its bromelain content, it has favorable potential for the recovery of weight loss, it is rich in vitamins A, B, C and E. ; It has minerals like phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper. Pineapple is the most demanded fruit in the world, due to its pleasant flavor and high fiber content. It has a high percentage of water, it is low in calories. Pineapple stems contain bromelain, a digestive proteolytic enzyme that acts as a substitute for gastric juices, improves digestion and destroys intestinal parasites. It is also used in the food industry, as a meat tenderizer. The main insect pest of pineapple cultivation is the mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes, it can be found in all parts of the pineapple, but especially at the base of the basal leaves, the roots of the plant, and in the floral cavities of the fruit. Mealybugs cause yellowing in the plant and retard its growth, since they feed on the sap of roots, stems and fruits. They are vectors of the “Wilt” wilt virus. Its control is very difficult, since this pest attacks at any stage of crop development. Constant monitoring must be maintained, the presence of mealybugs is closely related to the population of ants, which protect the mealybug from the attack of parasites, predators and keep the colony clean from the presence of fungi that can affect both the mealybug like the plant. As a chemical control, at a low incidence of said pest, insecticides can be used, such as potassium salt soap or botanical extracts. In case of high infections, it is worth using products based on diazinon, chlorpyrifos, among others recommended for the crop and plague, following the recommended dose on the label. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | La piña (Ananas comosus), es un fruto tropical de origen sudamericano, es favorable para el ser humano por su contenido de bromelina, tiene potencial favorable para la recuperación de la pérdida de peso, es rica en vitaminas A, B, C y E; tiene minerales como fósforo, calcio, magnesio, hierro y cobre. La piña es la fruta de mayor demanda en el mundo, por su agradable sabor y alto contenido de fibra. Tiene un elevado porcentaje de agua, es baja en calorías. Los tallos de las piñas contienen bromelaína, una enzima proteolítica digestiva que actúa como sustitutivo de los jugos gástricos, mejora la digestión y destruye los parásitos intestinales es también manejada en la industria alimenticia, como ablandador de carnes. El principal insecto plaga del cultivo de piña es la cochinilla harinosa Dysmicoccus brevipes, se puede hallar en todas partes de la piña, pero especialmente en la base de las hojas basales, las raíces de la planta, y en cavidades florales del fruto. Las cochinillas provocan amarillamiento en la planta y retrasan su crecimiento, debido a que se alimentan de la savia de raíces, tallos y frutos. Son vectores del virus de marchitez “Wilt”. Su control resulta muy dificultoso, ya que esta plaga ataca en cualquier fase de desarrollo del cultivo. Se debe de mantener un seguimiento constante, la presencia de cochinillas está muy relacionada con la población de hormigas, las cuales protegen a la cochinilla del ataque de parásitos, depredadores y mantienen limpia la colonia de la presencia de hongos que pueden afectar tanto a la cochinilla como a la planta. Como control químico, a una poca incidencia de dicha plaga se pueden usar insecticidas, como el jabón de sales potásicas o extractos botánicos. En caso de altos contagios, se valen emplear productos a base de diazinón, clorpirifós entre otros recomendados para el cultivo y plaga siguiendo la dosis recomendada en la etiqueta. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 28 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2022 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Dysmicoccus brevipes | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Control químico | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Ananas comosus | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Agroquímicos | es_ES |
| dc.title | Control químico de la cochinilla harinosa (Dysmicoccus brevipes, Cockerell 1893) en el cultivo de piña (Ananas comosus) en el Ecuador | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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