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Manejo del complejo de hongos que causan Damping-off en los cultivos hortícolas
| dc.contributor.advisor | León Paredes, Joffre | |
| dc.contributor.author | Lindao Vera, Reynaldo Cristóbal | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-21T16:26:52Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-05-21T16:26:52Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/9288 | |
| dc.description | The document was developed with the purpose of compiling information regarding the management of the complex of fungi that cause Damping-off in horticultural crops, which are crops with the greatest phytosanitary problems, since diseases constitute a limiting factor in their production. The pathogenic diseases that are present in seedlings is Damping-off, which causes rot when the root germinates before the cotyledons emerge or when the plant is emerged causes necrosis or injury at the base of the stem. Disease control is fundamentally based on the use of organic-synthetic fungicides. Therefore, it was determined that the greatest effectiveness of Damping-off control is obtained with biological products, such as Trichoderma harzianum in doses of 1.0 L / ha and pure plant extracts, because the vegetables show better agronomic behavior as height. of plant, number of leaves, greater root development, yield and consequently greater economic utility; there are biofungicides and chemical fungicides that increase the control of pathogens that cause stalk disease, despite the fact that chemical fungicides cause environmental deterioration; The causal agent of Damping-off in cabbages is Fusarium spp., which must be controlled with biological products, which are the ones that have given the best results in terms of plant height and vigor, compared to applications with chemical products and the Tomato crop is the vegetable most susceptible to Damping-off attack, caused by a complex of soil fungi Pythium sp., Fusarium sp. and Rhizoctonia solani that cause strangulation at the base of the stem. | es_ES |
| dc.description | The document was developed with the purpose of compiling information regarding the management of the complex of fungi that cause Damping-off in horticultural crops, which are crops with the greatest phytosanitary problems, since diseases constitute a limiting factor in their production. The pathogenic diseases that are present in seedlings is Damping-off, which causes rot when the root germinates before the cotyledons emerge or when the plant is emerged causes necrosis or injury at the base of the stem. Disease control is fundamentally based on the use of organic-synthetic fungicides. Therefore, it was determined that the greatest effectiveness of Damping-off control is obtained with biological products, such as Trichoderma harzianum in doses of 1.0 L / ha and pure plant extracts, because the vegetables show better agronomic behavior as height. of plant, number of leaves, greater root development, yield and consequently greater economic utility; there are biofungicides and chemical fungicides that increase the control of pathogens that cause stalk disease, despite the fact that chemical fungicides cause environmental deterioration; The causal agent of Damping-off in cabbages is Fusarium spp., which must be controlled with biological products, which are the ones that have given the best results in terms of plant height and vigor, compared to applications with chemical products and the Tomato crop is the vegetable most susceptible to Damping-off attack, caused by a complex of soil fungi Pythium sp., Fusarium sp. and Rhizoctonia solani that cause strangulation at the base of the stem. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | El documento se desarrolló con la finalidad de recopilar información referente al manejo del complejo de hongos que causan Damping-off en los cultivos hortícolas, que son cultivos con mayor problemática fitosanitaria, ya que las enfermedades constituyen un factor limitante en su producción. Las enfermedades patogénicas que están presentes en plántulas es Damping-off, que causa pudrición al momento de germinar la raíz antes que emerjan los cotiledones o cuando la planta esta emergida causa necrosis o lesión en la base del tallo. El control de enfermedades se basa fundamentalmente en el uso de fungicidas orgánicos-sintéticos. Por lo expuesto se determinò que la mayor eficacia del control de Damping-off se obtiene con productos biológicos, como Trichoderma harzianum en dosis de 1,0 L/ha y extractos vegetales puros, debido a que las hortalizas manifiestan un mejor comportamiento agronómico como altura de planta, número de hojas, mayor desarrollo radicular, rendimiento y por consiguiente mayor utilidad económica; existen biofungicidas y fungicidas químicos que aumentan el control de patógenos causante de enfermedades del mal de talluelo, a pesar de que los fungicidas químicos causan deterioro ambiental; el agente causal de Damping-off en repollos es el Fusarium spp., el cual es necesario controlarlo con productos biológicos, que son los que han dando mejores resultado en lo referente a altura de planta y vigor, frente a aplicaciones con productos químicos y el cultivo de tomate es la hortaliza más susceptible al ataque de Damping-off, causada por un complejo de hongos del suelo Pythium sp., Fusarium sp. y Rhizoctonia solani que ocasionan estrangulamiento en la base del tallo. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 20 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2021 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Damping off | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Hortalizas | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Hongos del suelo | es_ES |
| dc.title | Manejo del complejo de hongos que causan Damping-off en los cultivos hortícolas | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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