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Practicas agronómicas para reducir la velocidad de escurrimientos en laderas
| dc.contributor.advisor | Caicedo Camposano, Oscar Guido | |
| dc.contributor.author | Arreaga Morán, Reinaldo Clemente | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-08T16:16:34Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-08T16:16:34Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/15115 | |
| dc.description | Hillside runoff is one of the problems that has been occurring frequently, it starts when both the storage capacity of the surface and the interception power of the flora have been exhausted; from then on, a film of water flows over the surface and erodes the soil, since it flows towards the lower levels of the agricultural soil. The present research was paraphrased, simplified and subjected to a study in which the elementary principles and the importance of agronomic practices to reduce the velocity of runoff on slopes were analyzed. Based on the above, the following was determined: Agronomic practices make it possible to reduce the speed of runoff on slopes by means of a soil conservation system that complements and combines structural works, agronomic fertility measures and agroforestry; this system lies in its immediate application to be successful in the protection of slope soils. Living barriers consist of the implementation of perennial vegetation (trees or shrubs) built on slopes along the slope, their purpose is to reduce the flow of water on its surface while capturing and retaining the soil. The effect of strip tillage on erosion control is based on three principles: Different density of crops used; separation of sloping areas; and arrangement of plant contours. The effectiveness of the strips depends on the amount of sediment that can be stored, decreasing as it settles; it is only effective in the first rainfall and in those of low intensity, presenting no benefit when the rainfall is of high intensity. Contour seeding allows reducing the natural slope of the soil by planting on contour lines; this is a simple approach that requires a low initial investment and can effectively control water erosion. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Hillside runoff is one of the problems that has been occurring frequently, it starts when both the storage capacity of the surface and the interception power of the flora have been exhausted; from then on, a film of water flows over the surface and erodes the soil, since it flows towards the lower levels of the agricultural soil. The present research was paraphrased, simplified and subjected to a study in which the elementary principles and the importance of agronomic practices to reduce the velocity of runoff on slopes were analyzed. Based on the above, the following was determined: Agronomic practices make it possible to reduce the speed of runoff on slopes by means of a soil conservation system that complements and combines structural works, agronomic fertility measures and agroforestry; this system lies in its immediate application to be successful in the protection of slope soils. Living barriers consist of the implementation of perennial vegetation (trees or shrubs) built on slopes along the slope, their purpose is to reduce the flow of water on its surface while capturing and retaining the soil. The effect of strip tillage on erosion control is based on three principles: Different density of crops used; separation of sloping areas; and arrangement of plant contours. The effectiveness of the strips depends on the amount of sediment that can be stored, decreasing as it settles; it is only effective in the first rainfall and in those of low intensity, presenting no benefit when the rainfall is of high intensity. Contour seeding allows reducing the natural slope of the soil by planting on contour lines; this is a simple approach that requires a low initial investment and can effectively control water erosion. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | El escurrimiento en laderas con frecuencia es uno de los problemas que se ha venido presentado, se inicia cuando tanto la capacidad de almacenamiento de la superficie como el poder de intercepción de la flora se han agotado; a partir de entonces surge la película de agua que discurre sobre la superficie y que erosiona el suelo, dado que fluye hacia los niveles más bajos del suelo agrícola. La presente investigación fue parafraseada, simplificada y sometida a un estudio en la cual se analizaron los principios elementales y la trascendencia de las prácticas agronómicas para reducir la velocidad de los escurrimientos en laderas. Por lo anteriormente detallado se determinó lo siguiente: Las practicas agronómicas permiten reducir la velocidad de escurrimientos en laderas mediante un sistema de conservación de suelos que complementa y combina obras estructurales, medidas agronómicas de fertilidad y agroforestales; este sistema radica en su aplicación inmediata para tener éxito en la protección de los suelos de ladera. Las barreras vivas consisten en la implementación de vegetación perenne (árboles o arbustos) construidas en pendientes a lo largo del talud del terreno, su finalidad es reducir el caudal de agua sobre su superficie a la vez que capturan y retienen el suelo. El efecto de la labranza en fajas sobre el control de la erosión se basa en tres principios: Diferente densidad de cultivos utilizados; separación de áreas inclinadas y disposición de los contornos de las plantas. La efectividad de las fajinas depende de la cantidad de sedimentos que puede llegar a almacenar, y disminuyendo ésta conforme se va asentando; solamente es efectiva en las primeras precipitaciones y en aquellas que son de baja intensidad, no presentando ningún beneficio cuando las precipitaciones son de alta intensidad. La siembra en contorno permite reducir la pendiente natural del suelo plantando en curvas de nivel; este es un enfoque simple que requiere una inversión inicial baja y puede controlar eficazmente la erosión hídrica. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 27 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2023 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Erosión hídrica | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Precipitación | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Cobertura | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Suelo | es_ES |
| dc.title | Practicas agronómicas para reducir la velocidad de escurrimientos en laderas | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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