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Análisis morfológico de grupos micorrízicos arbusculares presentes en sistemas agroforestales en la zona de Los Ríos
| dc.contributor.advisor | Colina Navarrete, Eduardo | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cedeño Sánchez, Marcos Arturo | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-05-03T20:26:31Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-05-03T20:26:31Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/11437 | |
| dc.description | Soils are a fundamental component of the entire ecosystem, providing services such as food production, functions as a filter and gas exchanger, essential for the development of biota, among others. The concept of mycorrhiza is defined in a broad sense, as a symbiosis not necessarily mutualistic. Considering that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize approximately 90% of vascular plants and that in agroforestry systems (AFS) there is a heterogeneous organization. Different investigations have shown that there is an interaction between different plants through colonizing AMF, these results indicate the effect of mycorrhizae on the development of cocoa plants. This interaction has potential for nutritional, sanitary and hydric control of SAF. In recent years, the interactions between plants and fungi, especially with arbuscular mycorrhizae, have aroused interest. Mycorrhizae represent symbiotic associations between plants and fungi based on the exchange of metabolites and nutrients. Studies in cocoa roots confirm the presence of structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi such as arbuscules, vesicles and hyphae. This confirmed that there are high, medium and low values for the rate of infection in roots and population of spores in the soils of the studied areas. In the studied areas, the mycorrhizal genera were identified: Glomus spp., Acaulospora spp., Stecullopora spp., Rhizopogon spp. and Gigaspora spp. The prevalence of the Glomus genus with a high rate of number of spores in all sampled SAF-C soils, demonstrates the facility that representatives of this genus have to colonize cocoa roots. In addition, in our country very little is known about these beneficial microorganisms and obtaining these mycorrhizal fungi ensures the production of inocula that will serve as biofertilizer for plants. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Soils are a fundamental component of the entire ecosystem, providing services such as food production, functions as a filter and gas exchanger, essential for the development of biota, among others. The concept of mycorrhiza is defined in a broad sense, as a symbiosis not necessarily mutualistic. Considering that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize approximately 90% of vascular plants and that in agroforestry systems (AFS) there is a heterogeneous organization. Different investigations have shown that there is an interaction between different plants through colonizing AMF, these results indicate the effect of mycorrhizae on the development of cocoa plants. This interaction has potential for nutritional, sanitary and hydric control of SAF. In recent years, the interactions between plants and fungi, especially with arbuscular mycorrhizae, have aroused interest. Mycorrhizae represent symbiotic associations between plants and fungi based on the exchange of metabolites and nutrients. Studies in cocoa roots confirm the presence of structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi such as arbuscules, vesicles and hyphae. This confirmed that there are high, medium and low values for the rate of infection in roots and population of spores in the soils of the studied areas. In the studied areas, the mycorrhizal genera were identified: Glomus spp., Acaulospora spp., Stecullopora spp., Rhizopogon spp. and Gigaspora spp. The prevalence of the Glomus genus with a high rate of number of spores in all sampled SAF-C soils, demonstrates the facility that representatives of this genus have to colonize cocoa roots. In addition, in our country very little is known about these beneficial microorganisms and obtaining these mycorrhizal fungi ensures the production of inocula that will serve as biofertilizer for plants. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Los suelos son un componente fundamental de todo el ecosistema, aportando servicios como producción de alimentos, funciona como filtro e intercambiador de gases, fundamental para el desarrollo de la biota, entre otros. Se define el concepto de micorriza en un sentido amplio, como una simbiosis no necesariamente mutualística. Considerando que los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) colonizan aproximadamente el 90% de las plantas vasculares y que en los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) existe una organización heterogénea. Diferentes investigaciones han demostrado que hay una interacción entre las diferentes plantas a través de HMA colonizantes, estos resultados indican el efecto de las micorrizas en el desarrollo de plantas de cacao. Esta interacción tiene un potencial para control nutricional, sanitario e hídrico de los SAF. En los últimos años ha despertado interés las interacciones entre plantas y hongos, especialmente con micorrizas arbusculares. Las micorrizas representan las asociaciones simbióticas entre las plantas y hongos basada sobre el intercambio de metabolitos y nutrientes. Los estudios en raíces de cacao confirman la presencia de estructuras de hongos micorrízicos arbúsculares como arbúsculos, vesículas e hifas. Esto comprobó que existen valores altos, medios y bajos, para la tasa de infección en raíces y población de esporas en los suelos de las zonas estudiadas. En las zonas estudiadas se identificaron los géneros de micorrizas: Glomus spp., Acaulospora spp., Stecullopora spp., Rhizopogon spp. y Gigaspora spp. La prevalencia del género Glomus con un alto índice de número de esporas en todos los suelos de SAF-C muestreados, demuestra la facilidad que tienen los representantes de este género para colonizar raíces de cacao. Además, en nuestro país se conoce muy poco sobre estos microorganismos benéficos y la obtención de estos hongos micorrízicos asegura la producción de inóculos que servirán como biofertilizante para que las plantas. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 25 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2022 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Cacao | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Micorrizas | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Glomus | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Sistema Agroforestal | es_ES |
| dc.title | Análisis morfológico de grupos micorrízicos arbusculares presentes en sistemas agroforestales en la zona de Los Ríos | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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