Paciente femenina de 43 años con neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Basurto Roldan, María de los Ángeles | |
| dc.contributor.author | Amaiquema Benalcazar, Erika Julesy | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-14T17:06:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-06-14T17:06:43Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/9784 | |
| dc.description | Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the alveoli, affecting either one or both lungs. In this part the lungs fill with fluids, liquids or pus that will cause a cough with phlegm, fever, and difficulty breathing or will hinder breathing as such. Nosocomial pneumonia: NN is defined as the infection that affects the lung parenchyma, which manifests itself 72 hours or more after the patient's admission to hospital, and which was not present or in the incubation period at the time of admission of the patient to the hospital. The factors that influence the etiology of VAP are the time of mechanical ventilation, the previous administration of antibiotic therapy, in addition to some host-dependent factors such as the presence of COPD or coma. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a multifactorial pathophysiological phenomenon. It develops when lung defense mechanisms are weakened or overwhelmed, allowing microorganisms to multiply rapidly. Pneumonia in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation causes fever and increased respiratory and heart rate or changes in respiratory parameters, such as increased purulent secretions or worsening hypoxemia. The management involves 2 simultaneous treatments. On the one hand, supportive treatment and, on the other, antibiotic treatment. Supportive treatment begins with mechanical ventilation adjusted to the needs of the patient. Regarding antibiotic treatment, the most important thing is not to delay an effective treatment since inadequate initial empirical treatment leads to higher mortality. If the AVN is early and these risk factors do not exist, most of the empirical guidelines present a correct coverage of the flora that we will find. Key words: pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, ventilator-associated pneumonia, bacteria. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the alveoli, affecting either one or both lungs. In this part the lungs fill with fluids, liquids or pus that will cause a cough with phlegm, fever, and difficulty breathing or will hinder breathing as such. Nosocomial pneumonia: NN is defined as the infection that affects the lung parenchyma, which manifests itself 72 hours or more after the patient's admission to hospital, and which was not present or in the incubation period at the time of admission of the patient to the hospital. The factors that influence the etiology of VAP are the time of mechanical ventilation, the previous administration of antibiotic therapy, in addition to some host-dependent factors such as the presence of COPD or coma. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a multifactorial pathophysiological phenomenon. It develops when lung defense mechanisms are weakened or overwhelmed, allowing microorganisms to multiply rapidly. Pneumonia in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation causes fever and increased respiratory and heart rate or changes in respiratory parameters, such as increased purulent secretions or worsening hypoxemia. The management involves 2 simultaneous treatments. On the one hand, supportive treatment and, on the other, antibiotic treatment. Supportive treatment begins with mechanical ventilation adjusted to the needs of the patient. Regarding antibiotic treatment, the most important thing is not to delay an effective treatment since inadequate initial empirical treatment leads to higher mortality. If the AVN is early and these risk factors do not exist, most of the empirical guidelines present a correct coverage of the flora that we will find. Key words: pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, ventilator-associated pneumonia, bacteria. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Neumonía es una infección que inflama los alveolos esta afecta ya sea a uno o los dos pulmones. Esta esta parte los pulmones se llenan de fluidos, líquidos o pus que provocara tos con flema, fiebre, y dificultad para respirar o va a obstaculizar la respiración como tal. Neumonía nosocomial: La NN se define como la infección que afecta al parénquima pulmonar, que se manifiesta transcurridas 72 h o más del ingreso del paciente en el hospital, y que en el momento de ingreso del paciente en el hospital no estaba presente ni en período de incubación. Los factores que influyen en la etiología de la NAV son el tiempo de ventilación mecánica, la administración previa de antibioticoterapia, además de algunos factores dependientes del huésped como la presencia de EPOC o coma. La neumonía asociada con el ventilador es un fenómeno fisiopatológico multifactorial. Éste se desarrolla cuando los mecanismos de defensa pulmonar se encuentran debilitados o son rebasados, permitiendo a los microorganismos multiplicarse rápidamente. La neumonía en pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica causa fiebre y aumento de la frecuencia respiratoria y la frecuencia cardíaca o cambios en los parámetros respiratorios, como un incremento de las secreciones purulentas o empeoramiento de la hipoxemia. El manejo conlleva 2 tratamientos simultáneos. Por un lado el tratamiento de soporte y por otro, el tratamiento antibiótico. El tratamiento de soporte se inicia con una ventilación mecánica ajustada a las necesidades del paciente.Respecto al tratamiento antibiótico, lo más importante es no demorar un tratamiento efectivo ya que el tratamiento empírico inicial inadecuado conlleva una mayor mortalidad. Si la NAV es precoz y no existen estos factores de riesgo, la mayoría de las pautas empíricas presentan una cobertura correcta de la flora que nos encontraremos. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 28 p | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | Babahoyo: UTB-FCS, 2021 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Neumonía | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Neumonía Nosocomial | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Ventilación Mecánica | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Neumonía asociada a la ventilación | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Bacterias | es_ES |
| dc.title | Paciente femenina de 43 años con neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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