Intervenciones de enfermería y su relación con la prevención de ulceras por presión en pacientes ingresados en unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, Guaranda. Octubre 2024- mayo 2025.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mazacón Roca, Betthy Narcisa | |
| dc.contributor.author | Velasco Herrera, Gissela Fernanda | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vélez Zambrano, Glenda Isabel | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-06-04T16:30:50Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-06-04T16:30:50Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/18545 | |
| dc.description | Pressure ulcers in the ICU are a challenge for nursing, as their prevention requires timely and effective interventions. Applying evidence-based strategies such as skin protection helps prevent them. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions and their relationship with pressure ulcer prevention in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital, Guaranda. The methodology applied, depending on the level of study, was descriptive, time-based, cross-sectional, and retrospective, using an inductive, statistical, and analytical-synthetic method. Patients with medical records and nursing professionals responsible for their care were included. A predominance of patients aged 40 to 59 years (75%) was identified, with a higher frequency of women (65%). There was a predominance of patients who were hospitalized for more than four weeks (50%). They did not present with recurrent pressure ulcers (60%), while those affected had only one lesion (55%), located on the heels (50%) and of Grade II (55%). Regarding interventions, the healthcare provider performed repositioning every three hours (50%) and used anti-bedsore mattresses (58%). The Norton Scale was applied by all (100%). Staff reported moderate knowledge about prevention (61%) and in some cases delegated preventive interventions (48%). It is concluded that nursing interventions have contributed to reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers; however, variability in their application and the lack of clinical records limit a comprehensive risk assessment. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Pressure ulcers in the ICU are a challenge for nursing, as their prevention requires timely and effective interventions. Applying evidence-based strategies such as skin protection helps prevent them. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions and their relationship with pressure ulcer prevention in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital, Guaranda. The methodology applied, depending on the level of study, was descriptive, time-based, cross-sectional, and retrospective, using an inductive, statistical, and analytical-synthetic method. Patients with medical records and nursing professionals responsible for their care were included. A predominance of patients aged 40 to 59 years (75%) was identified, with a higher frequency of women (65%). There was a predominance of patients who were hospitalized for more than four weeks (50%). They did not present with recurrent pressure ulcers (60%), while those affected had only one lesion (55%), located on the heels (50%) and of Grade II (55%). Regarding interventions, the healthcare provider performed repositioning every three hours (50%) and used anti-bedsore mattresses (58%). The Norton Scale was applied by all (100%). Staff reported moderate knowledge about prevention (61%) and in some cases delegated preventive interventions (48%). It is concluded that nursing interventions have contributed to reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers; however, variability in their application and the lack of clinical records limit a comprehensive risk assessment. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Las úlceras por presión en la UCI son un desafío para enfermería, pues su prevención exige intervenciones oportunas y eficaces. Aplicar estrategias basadas en evidencia como la protección de la piel, ayudan a su prevención. El objetivo planteado es evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones de enfermería y su relación con la prevención de ulceras por presión en pacientes ingresados en unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, Guaranda. La metodología aplicada según el nivel de estudio fue descriptiva, según el tiempo, transversal y retrospectiva, de método inductivo, estadístico y analítico-sintético. Se incluyeron pacientes con historias clínicas y profesionales de enfermería encargados de su atención. Se identificó el predominio de pacientes de 40 a 59 años (75%), con mayor frecuencia en mujeres (65%). Hubo un predominio de pacientes que estuvo hospitalizada por más de cuatro semanas (50%). No volvieron a presentar úlceras por presión (60%), mientras que aquellos afectados tuvieron una sola lesión (55%), localizada en los talones (50%) y de Grado II (55%). En cuanto a las intervenciones, el profesional realiza el reposicionamiento cada tres horas (50%) y usa colchones antiescaras (58%). La Escala de Norton fue aplicada por todos (100%). El personal reportó un conocimiento moderado sobre prevención (61%) y en algunos casos delega las intervenciones preventivas (48%). Se concluye que las intervenciones de enfermería han contribuido a reducir la incidencia de úlceras por presión; sin embargo, la variabilidad en su aplicación y la falta de registros clínicos limitan una evaluación integral del riesgo. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 99 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | Babahoyo: UTB-FCS, 2025 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
| dc.subject | Úlceras por presión | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Intervenciones de enfermería | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Escala de Norton | es_ES |
| dc.subject.other | Enfermería | es_ES |
| dc.title | Intervenciones de enfermería y su relación con la prevención de ulceras por presión en pacientes ingresados en unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, Guaranda. Octubre 2024- mayo 2025. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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