Beneficios de la aplicación de ácido naftalenacético (ANA) en el cultivo de palma aceitera hibrida OxG en Ecuador.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ramírez Castro, Emilio | |
| dc.contributor.author | Zambrano Vite, Carlos Horacio | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-04-30T16:45:31Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-04-30T16:45:31Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/11366 | |
| dc.description | Currently, oil palm cultivation continues to grow sustainably, becoming the second largest perennial crop in Ecuador with approximately 280,000 hectares cultivated by more than 7,000 palm growers, of which more than 185,000 hectares are hybrid oil palm. OxG. The first varieties of palm that were planted in Ecuador came from the African continent. Hence its name. However, currently varieties are planted that are the product of various crosses of African seeds with national palm. Throughout the 1970s, the creation of the first OxG interspecific hybrids took place with the expectations known until this time. OxG is characterized by slow trunk growth, tolerance to bud rot and red ring diseases compared to the parent species. In addition, these OxG populations inherited the parthenocarpic fruit development of E. oleifera, which allows the production of seedless fruits. The artificial induction of parthenocarpy is an alternative to assisted pollination in the interspecific hybrid OxG. This can be induced through the application of growth regulating hormones, such as auxins and ethylene. Auxinic hormones such as naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) stimulate the formation of parthenocarpic fruits in OxG hybrids. ANA is used in oil palm to obtain bunches with parthenocarpic fruits and preserve oil production, it enables the development and filling of fruits in such a way that, despite not having seeds or shells, the average weight of the clusters has the ability to be preserved. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Currently, oil palm cultivation continues to grow sustainably, becoming the second largest perennial crop in Ecuador with approximately 280,000 hectares cultivated by more than 7,000 palm growers, of which more than 185,000 hectares are hybrid oil palm. OxG. The first varieties of palm that were planted in Ecuador came from the African continent. Hence its name. However, currently varieties are planted that are the product of various crosses of African seeds with national palm. Throughout the 1970s, the creation of the first OxG interspecific hybrids took place with the expectations known until this time. OxG is characterized by slow trunk growth, tolerance to bud rot and red ring diseases compared to the parent species. In addition, these OxG populations inherited the parthenocarpic fruit development of E. oleifera, which allows the production of seedless fruits. The artificial induction of parthenocarpy is an alternative to assisted pollination in the interspecific hybrid OxG. This can be induced through the application of growth regulating hormones, such as auxins and ethylene. Auxinic hormones such as naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) stimulate the formation of parthenocarpic fruits in OxG hybrids. ANA is used in oil palm to obtain bunches with parthenocarpic fruits and preserve oil production, it enables the development and filling of fruits in such a way that, despite not having seeds or shells, the average weight of the clusters has the ability to be preserved. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | En la actualidad, el cultivo de palma aceitera sigue creciendo sosteniblemente, logrando ser el segundo cultivo perenne de más grande extensibilidad en Ecuador con un aproximado de 280.000 ha cultivadas por más de 7000 palmicultores, de las cuales más de 185.000 has son de palma aceitera hibrida OxG. Las primeras variedades de palma que se sembraron en Ecuador provenían del continente africano. De allí su nombre. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se siembra variedades que son producto de diversos cruces de semillas africanas con palma nacional. A lo largo de la década del setenta, tuvo lugar la creación de los primeros híbridos interespecíficos OxG con las expectativas que hasta esta época se conocen. El OxG se caracteriza por tener un crecimiento lento del tronco, tolerancia a pudrición del cogollo y enfermedades del anillo rojo en comparación con la especie progenitora. Además, estas poblaciones de OxG heredó el desarrollo del fruto partenocárpico de E. oleifera, que permite la producción de frutos sin semillas. La inducción artificial de la partenocarpia es una opción a la polinización asistida en el híbrido interespecífico OxG. Esta se puede inducir por medio de la aplicación de hormonas reguladoras de crecimiento, como las auxinas y el etileno. Hormonas auxinicas como el ácido naftalenacetico (ANA) estimulan la formación de frutos partenocárpicos en híbridos OxG. El ANA, es usado en palma de aceite para la obtención de racimos con frutos partenocárpicos y conservar la producción de aceite, posibilita el desarrollo y el llenado de frutos de tal forma que, pese a no tener semilla ni cuesco, el peso medio de los racimos tiene la capacidad de conservarse. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 21 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2022 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Palma aceitera | es_ES |
| dc.subject | E. guineensis | es_ES |
| dc.subject | E. oleifera | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Hibrido interespecífico OxG | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Acido Naftalenacético | es_ES |
| dc.title | Beneficios de la aplicación de ácido naftalenacético (ANA) en el cultivo de palma aceitera hibrida OxG en Ecuador. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador