dc.contributor.advisor | Carlos Gomez, Juan | |
dc.contributor.author | Cortez Herrera, Isrrael | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-30T16:09:42Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-30T16:09:42Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/10070 | |
dc.description | Through genetic improvement, improved plant species can be acquired, with induced mutagenesis being one of the techniques used, for which ethyl methane sulfonate is used as a chemical agent. The janeiro grass Eriochloa polystachya belongs to the Poaceas, distributed throughout South America with high nutritional value and of great importance for livestock feeding, in the same way, it is susceptible to insect pests such as Spittlebug. Therefore, the objective of this research project was to evaluate the effect of Ethyl-Methosulfonate in E. polystachya to the attack of Spittlebug under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design methodology was used, the grass was sown by stolons in germinating trays to determine the LD 50. The information was analyzed through the Complete Random Design, with Probit linear regression in ten treatments and three repetitions, where the percentage variable of mortality presented high significance. Then the agronomic behavior presented by the janeiro grass impregnated with the different doses and at different times was evaluated, for this, data such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, width and length of the leaf were taken, the information was analyzed at through InfoStat, which presented high significance. Finally, Janeiro grass plants with characteristics of resistance to spittle attack were selected, for which descriptors were used that allowed us to record the number of spittlebugs, severity and growth vigor. The results obtained showed in the linear regression that the LD 50 at 24 hours was adjusted to a dose of 0.49% EMS while at 48 hours it was 0.32%, presenting a better R2 = 79.62. On the other hand, in the agronomic behavior, it was evidenced that T3 with doses of 0.50% and at 24 hours together with T7 with doses of 0.25% at 48 hours, presented high significance and were statistically superior to the other treatments under study. Regarding the selection of janeiro grass tolerant to the attack of Spittlebug, it was observed that the treatment T5 and T10 whose doses were at 1% concentration of EMS, showed a lower number of spittlebugs present, therefore, they were treatments that did not present any damage. In contrast, treatments with a lower dose of EMS showed mild and moderate damage, with spittlebug populations of less than 20 individuals. | es_ES |
dc.description | Through genetic improvement, improved plant species can be acquired, with induced mutagenesis being one of the techniques used, for which ethyl methane sulfonate is used as a chemical agent. The janeiro grass Eriochloa polystachya belongs to the Poaceas, distributed throughout South America with high nutritional value and of great importance for livestock feeding, in the same way, it is susceptible to insect pests such as Spittlebug. Therefore, the objective of this research project was to evaluate the effect of Ethyl-Methosulfonate in E. polystachya to the attack of Spittlebug under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design methodology was used, the grass was sown by stolons in germinating trays to determine the LD 50. The information was analyzed through the Complete Random Design, with Probit linear regression in ten treatments and three repetitions, where the percentage variable of mortality presented high significance. Then the agronomic behavior presented by the janeiro grass impregnated with the different doses and at different times was evaluated, for this, data such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, width and length of the leaf were taken, the information was analyzed at through InfoStat, which presented high significance. Finally, Janeiro grass plants with characteristics of resistance to spittle attack were selected, for which descriptors were used that allowed us to record the number of spittlebugs, severity and growth vigor. The results obtained showed in the linear regression that the LD 50 at 24 hours was adjusted to a dose of 0.49% EMS while at 48 hours it was 0.32%, presenting a better R2 = 79.62. On the other hand, in the agronomic behavior, it was evidenced that T3 with doses of 0.50% and at 24 hours together with T7 with doses of 0.25% at 48 hours, presented high significance and were statistically superior to the other treatments under study. Regarding the selection of janeiro grass tolerant to the attack of Spittlebug, it was observed that the treatment T5 and T10 whose doses were at 1% concentration of EMS, showed a lower number of spittlebugs present, therefore, they were treatments that did not present any damage. In contrast, treatments with a lower dose of EMS showed mild and moderate damage, with spittlebug populations of less than 20 individuals. | es_ES |
dc.description.abstract | A través del mejoramiento genético se pueden adquirir especies de vegetales mejoradas, siendo la mutagénesis inducida una de las técnicas empleadas, para ello se utiliza el metano sulfonato de etilo como agente químico. El pasto janeiro Eriochloa polystachya pertenece a las Poaceas, distribuida por todo América del Sur con alto valor nutritivo y de gran importancia para la alimentación del ganado de la misma manera presenta susceptibilidad a insectos plagas como el Salivazo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este proyecto de investigación fue Evaluar el efecto del Etil – metasulfonato en E. polystachya al ataque del Salivazo bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se utilizó la metodología de diseño experimental, el pasto fue sembrado por estolones en bandejas germinadoras para determinar el DL 50. La información fue analizada mediante el Diseño Completo al Azar, con regresión lineal Probit en diez tratamientos y tres repeticiones, donde la variable porcentaje de mortalidad presento alta significancia. Luego se evaluó el comportamiento agronómico que presento el pasto janeiro impregnado con las diferentes dosis y a diferentes tiempos, para ello se tomaron datos como altura de planta, diámetro del tallo, número de hojas, ancho y largo de la hoja, la información fue analizadas a través de InfoStat, cuyas presentaron alta significancia. Finalmente se seleccionó plantas de pasto Janeiro con características de resistencia al ataque de salivazo, para lo cual se utilizó descriptores que nos permitieron registrar el número de salivazo, severidad y el vigor del crecimiento. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron en la regresión lineal que el DL 50 a 24 horas se ajustó a dosis de 0,49 % EMS mientras que a 48 horas fue de 0,32 %, presentando un mejor R2= 79,62. Por otra parte en el comportamiento agronómico se evidencio que el T3 con dosis de 0.50 % y a 24 horas junto con el T7 con dosis de 0,25 % a 48 horas, presentaron alta significancia y fueron estadísticamente superior a los demás tratamientos en estudio. Respecto a selección del pasto janeiro tolerante al ataque del Salivazo, se observó que el tratamiento T5 y T10 cuyas dosis fueron al 1% de concentración de EMS, manifestaron menor número de salivazos presentes, por lo tanto, fueron tratamientos que no presentaron ningún daño. Por el contrario, los tratamientos con menor dosis de EMS mostraron daños leves y moderados, con poblaciones de salivazo menor a 20 individuos. | es_ES |
dc.format.extent | 104 p. | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2021 | es_ES |
dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
dc.subject | Mutagénesis | es_ES |
dc.subject | Etil-metanosulfonato | es_ES |
dc.subject | Pasto Janeiro | es_ES |
dc.subject | Invernadero | es_ES |
dc.title | MUTAGÉNESIS INDUCIDA EN Eriochloa polystachya MEDIANTE ETIL-METASULFONATO Y SU EFECTO SOBRE EL CONTROL DE Mahanarva andigena BAJO CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO | es_ES |
dc.type | masterThesis | es_ES |