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Paciente femenino de 65 años con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Terán Aguilera, Manuel Ignacio | |
| dc.contributor.author | Montoya Moran, Erika Mariuxi | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-18T17:40:29Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-06-18T17:40:29Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/9852 | |
| dc.description | Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute infection that affects one or both lungs in which an excess of secretions is produced that makes it impossible to properly pass air, in older adults, it is responsible for most cases of hospitalization and therefore it is the cause of the highest morbidity and mortality in patients over 65 years of age. Most of the existing cases are of bacterial etiology, with Streptococus pneumoniae being the main responsible for this. We must bear in mind that standard chest radiography and complementary tests such as the CURB-65 score and pulse oximetry play an important role in the diagnosis of this disease. There are several risk factors that can trigger pneumonia, but there are still ways to prevent it. The objective of this work is to achieve the prevention, treatment and surveillance of a patient with this pathology. There are approximately more than 100 microorganisms that cause Community Acquired Pneumonia, these include bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. The etiology of the disease varies according to the population and the geographical area, it is necessary to consider the appearance of possible epidemics, the use of certain diagnostic techniques and their quality, and the administration or not of antibiotics when they are carried out. Etiological confirmation is reported in less than 50% of all CAP cases, the most frequent etiology is bacterial and Streptococcus pneumoniae becomes the main cause of hospitalized and outpatient patients. The frequency of microorganisms can vary according to the severity of the condition, which affects the need for management in hospital wards, intensive care or outpatient settings. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute infection that affects one or both lungs in which an excess of secretions is produced that makes it impossible to properly pass air, in older adults, it is responsible for most cases of hospitalization and therefore it is the cause of the highest morbidity and mortality in patients over 65 years of age. Most of the existing cases are of bacterial etiology, with Streptococus pneumoniae being the main responsible for this. We must bear in mind that standard chest radiography and complementary tests such as the CURB-65 score and pulse oximetry play an important role in the diagnosis of this disease. There are several risk factors that can trigger pneumonia, but there are still ways to prevent it. The objective of this work is to achieve the prevention, treatment and surveillance of a patient with this pathology. There are approximately more than 100 microorganisms that cause Community Acquired Pneumonia, these include bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. The etiology of the disease varies according to the population and the geographical area, it is necessary to consider the appearance of possible epidemics, the use of certain diagnostic techniques and their quality, and the administration or not of antibiotics when they are carried out. Etiological confirmation is reported in less than 50% of all CAP cases, the most frequent etiology is bacterial and Streptococcus pneumoniae becomes the main cause of hospitalized and outpatient patients. The frequency of microorganisms can vary according to the severity of the condition, which affects the need for management in hospital wards, intensive care or outpatient settings. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, es una infección aguda que afecta a uno o ambos pulmones en la que se produce un exceso de secreciones que imposibilita el correcto paso de aire, en adultos mayores, es la responsable de la mayoría de los casos de hospitalización y por ende es la causante de la mayor morbi-mortalidad en pacientes mayores de 65 años. La mayor parte de los casos existentes son de etiología bacteriana, siendo el Streptococus pneumoniae el mayor responsable de esta. Debemos tener en cuenta que la radiografía estándar de torax y los exámenes complementarios como el score CURB-65 y la oximetría de pulso, juegan un importante papel en el diagnóstico de dicha enfermedad. Existen diversos factores de riesgo que pueden desencadenar una neumonía, pero de igual forma existen maneras de prevenirla. El objetivo del presente trabajo es lograr la prevención, tratamiento y vigilancia de un paciente con esta patología. Existen aproximadamente más de 100 microorganismos causantes de la Neumonía Adquirida de la Comunidad, estos incluyen bacterias, virus, hongos y parásitos. La etiología de la enfermedad varía según la población y el área geográfica, hay que considerar la aparición de posibles epidemias, la utilización de determinadas técnicas diagnósticas y su calidad, y la administración o no de antibióticos cuando se realizan las mismas. La confirmación etiológica se reporta en menos del 50% de todos los casos de NAC, la etiología más frecuente es bacteriana y el Streptococcus pneumoniae se convierte en la causa principal de los pacientes hospitalizados y ambulatorios. La frecuencia de los microorganismos puede variar de acuerdo a la severidad del cuadro, lo que incide en la necesidad de manejo en salas de hospitalización, en cuidados intensivos o ambulatorio. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 37 p | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | Babahoyo: UTB-FCS, 2021 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Adultos Mayores | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Prevención | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Tratamiento | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Vigilancia | es_ES |
| dc.title | Paciente femenino de 65 años con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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