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Control biológico de Meloidogyne spp en áreas cultivadas con caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum)
| dc.contributor.advisor | León Paredes, Joffre Enrique | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vaca Anchundia, Jhon Alberto | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-20T17:00:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-05-20T17:00:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/9231 | |
| dc.description | It is important to address the problem of nematode parasitism in sugarcane, especially in countries where this crop is of great economic importance. It has been proven that the increase in yield and production in sugarcane is notorious for the aggressive reduction of the density of the nematode community shortly after planting and harvesting. It is common knowledge that the sugarcane crop is not free from attack by various species and numbers of nematodes. Most of the phytoparasitic nematodes are directly responsible for causing damage to the root system in sugarcane crops, resulting in the plants' inability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. The most common nematode found in sugarcane is Meloidogyne spp, which forms galls on the roots. Biological control is recommended, since chemical control is detrimental to the surrounding environment and, above all, affects the health of living beings that consume sugarcane. One of the main biological controllers are the nematodes of Pasteuria penetrans since it has greater efficacy in the control of Meloidogyne. Pasteuria penetrans is currently performed by in vitro culture media on the roots of a crop infested by Meloidogyne spp. Its eminent development is observed as a commercial bioproduct of great effectiveness on the most economically important phytoparasitic nematodes worldwide. Another of the phytonemates effective in the control of Meloidogyne spp. is the nematode Bacillus subtilis, an effective antagonist to combat gill-forming nematodes and can be used in the management of economic crops, in order to reduce the harmful effects of the parasite with the help of endotoxins produced by B. subtilis in the soil that interfere in the reproductive cycle of the nematodes, mainly in the oviposition and hatching of the juveniles. | es_ES |
| dc.description | It is important to address the problem of nematode parasitism in sugarcane, especially in countries where this crop is of great economic importance. It has been proven that the increase in yield and production in sugarcane is notorious for the aggressive reduction of the density of the nematode community shortly after planting and harvesting. It is common knowledge that the sugarcane crop is not free from attack by various species and numbers of nematodes. Most of the phytoparasitic nematodes are directly responsible for causing damage to the root system in sugarcane crops, resulting in the plants' inability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. The most common nematode found in sugarcane is Meloidogyne spp, which forms galls on the roots. Biological control is recommended, since chemical control is detrimental to the surrounding environment and, above all, affects the health of living beings that consume sugarcane. One of the main biological controllers are the nematodes of Pasteuria penetrans since it has greater efficacy in the control of Meloidogyne. Pasteuria penetrans is currently performed by in vitro culture media on the roots of a crop infested by Meloidogyne spp. Its eminent development is observed as a commercial bioproduct of great effectiveness on the most economically important phytoparasitic nematodes worldwide. Another of the phytonemates effective in the control of Meloidogyne spp. is the nematode Bacillus subtilis, an effective antagonist to combat gill-forming nematodes and can be used in the management of economic crops, in order to reduce the harmful effects of the parasite with the help of endotoxins produced by B. subtilis in the soil that interfere in the reproductive cycle of the nematodes, mainly in the oviposition and hatching of the juveniles. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Es un hecho importante a tratar el problema del parasitismo por nematodos en caña de azúcar sobre todo en aquellos países donde éste cultivo es de gran importancia nivel económico. Es comprobado, que el aumento del rendimiento y aumento de la producción en caña de azúcar, es notorio que se da con la reducción agresiva de la densidad de la comunidad de nematodos poco después de la plantación y la cosecha. Es de conocimiento general que el cultivo de la caña de azúcar no está libre del ataque provocado por diversas especies y cantidades de nematodos. Ya que los nematodos fitoparasitos en su mayoría son los responsables directos en causar daño en el sistema radicular en el cultivo de caña de azúcar, teniendo como consecuencia que las plantas no logren absorber el agua y los nutrientes que se encuentran en el suelo. El nematodo que es más común encontrarlo en el cultivo de caña de azúcar es Meloidogyne spp el cual es el formador de agallas en las raíces. Lo recomendable es realizar un control biológico ya que el control químico es perjudicial para el medio ambiente que lo rodea y sobre todo afecta a la salud de los seres vivos que consumen la caña de azúcar. Uno de los principales controladores biológicos son los nematodos de Pasteuria penetrans ya que tiene mayor eficacia en el control de Meloidogyne. Pasteuria en la actualidad se realiza mediante medios de cultivos in vitro sobre las raíces de un cultivo infestadas por Meloidogyne spp. Se observa su desarrollo eminente como un bioproducto comercial de gran efectividad sobre los nematodos fitoparásitos de mayor importancia económica a nivel mundial. Otro de los controladores biológicos efectivos en el control de Meloidogyne spp es el nematodo Bacillus subtilis es antagonistas efectivo para combatir los nematodos formadores de agallas y puede usarse en el manejo de cultivos económicos, con el fin de disminuir los efectos nocivos del parásito con la ayuda de las endotoxinas producidas por B. subtilis en el suelo interfieren en el ciclo reproductivo de los nematodos, principalmente en la ovoposición y eclosión de los juveniles. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 18 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2021 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Control biológico | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Nematodos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Sistema radicular | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Formador de agallas | es_ES |
| dc.title | Control biológico de Meloidogyne spp en áreas cultivadas con caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum) | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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