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Neumonía nosocomial asociada a la ventilación mecánica en paciente masculino de 68 años de edad.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Basurto Roldan, María de los Ángeles | |
| dc.contributor.author | Castillo Castillo, Mónica Esperanza | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-10-12T15:55:39Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-10-12T15:55:39Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/8691 | |
| dc.description | Nosocomial infections are infections that adhere during hospitalization and were not present or incubated at the time of admission to the institution. Infections that their incubation period may have been asymptomatic at the time of admission are excluded, plus 90% of pneumonia acquired in the Intensive Care Unit appears during mechanical ventilation 50% of pneumonia associated with the ventilator appears in the First four days after intubation. (VASQUEZ, 2017). At present it is known that in-hospital pneumonia has two foci of reservoir in the organism: The oropharyngeal cavity and the gastric cavity in both reservoirs change the saprophytic commensal flora due to potentially pathogenic microorganisms that do not usually exist in these areas of the organism. Microaspiration or macroaspiration of oropharyngeal or gastric contents to the airways would be the definitive mechanism that would cause nosocomial pneumonia provided that specific or nonspecific lung defenses were altered. The endotracheal tube also eliminates the most effective natural defenses of the upper respiratory tract. The mucociliary filtration and clearance system of the upper respiratory system is removed during intubation. Cases of pneumonia associated with the ventilator that appear in the 4 days following intubation are associated with a greater probability caused by microorganisms that have been dragged into the airways during the intubation procedure. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Nosocomial infections are infections that adhere during hospitalization and were not present or incubated at the time of admission to the institution. Infections that their incubation period may have been asymptomatic at the time of admission are excluded, plus 90% of pneumonia acquired in the Intensive Care Unit appears during mechanical ventilation 50% of pneumonia associated with the ventilator appears in the First four days after intubation. (VASQUEZ, 2017). At present it is known that in-hospital pneumonia has two foci of reservoir in the organism: The oropharyngeal cavity and the gastric cavity in both reservoirs change the saprophytic commensal flora due to potentially pathogenic microorganisms that do not usually exist in these areas of the organism. Microaspiration or macroaspiration of oropharyngeal or gastric contents to the airways would be the definitive mechanism that would cause nosocomial pneumonia provided that specific or nonspecific lung defenses were altered. The endotracheal tube also eliminates the most effective natural defenses of the upper respiratory tract. The mucociliary filtration and clearance system of the upper respiratory system is removed during intubation. Cases of pneumonia associated with the ventilator that appear in the 4 days following intubation are associated with a greater probability caused by microorganisms that have been dragged into the airways during the intubation procedure. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Las infecciones nosocomiales son infecciones que se adhieren durante la hospitalización y no estaban presentes o incubadas en el momento de ingreso a la institución. Se excluyen aquellas infecciones que su periodo de incubación pudo haber estado asintomáticos en el momento del ingreso, más el 90 % de las neumonías adquiridas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos aparece durante la ventilación mecánica el 50% de las neumonías asociada al ventilador aparece en los primeros cuatro días tras la intubación. En la actualidad se sabe que la neumonía intrahospitalaria tiene dos focos de reservorio en el organismo: La cavidad orofaríngea y la cavidad gástrica en ambos reservorios se produce cambio de la flora saprofita comensal por microrganismos potencialmente patógenos que no existen de manera habitual en estas zonas del organismo. La microaspiración o la macroaspiración de contenido orofaríngeo o gástrico a las vías aéreas sería el mecanismo definitivo que causaría neumonía nosocomial siempre que las defensas pulmonares especificas o inespecíficas estuvieran alteradas. El tubo endotraqueal también elimina las defensas naturales más efectivas del tracto respiratorio superior. El sistema de filtración y aclaramiento mucociliar del aparato respiratorio superior son eliminados durante la intubación. Los casos de una neumonía asociada al ventilador que aparecen en los 4 días siguientes a la intubación se asocian a una probabilidad mayor causa por microorganismos que han sido arrastrados al interior de las vías respiratorias durante el procedimiento de la intubación. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 32 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | Babahoyo: UTB-FCS, 2020 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Neumonía nosocomial | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Ventilación mecánica | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Unidad de cuidados intensivos | es_ES |
| dc.title | Neumonía nosocomial asociada a la ventilación mecánica en paciente masculino de 68 años de edad. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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