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Alternativas de control del nemátodo Meloidogyne spp en el cultivo de papaya (Carica papaya L.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Beltrán Castro, Fidel Patricio | |
| dc.contributor.author | León Llumiguano, Ángel Ricardo | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-07-24T14:32:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-07-24T14:32:57Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/8221 | |
| dc.description | In Ecuador, papaya (Carica papaya L.), is an important species in the country's economy, due to its high-yielding fruit and the essential nutritional value for the organism, this species is widely appreciated for being one of the few fruit trees that It produces continuously throughout the year after fruiting has begun. The papaya is prone to being attacked by various pests that cause a significant productive loss, among them the nematodes, with Meloidogyne spp being the most damaging for the crop because it produces direct and indirect damage. Phytoparasitic nematodes such as Meloidogyne spp are a group of microscopic worms that live in the soil and are considered a high impact pest in any agrosystem due to their pathogenic action on plants, making it impossible to maintain economically viable agriculture. Annual economic losses are estimated to be around $10 billion in world agricultural production, a problem because most farmers and even technicians possess only basic knowledge about nematodes and their control. Among the control methods, the use of chemical products is the most common, since it causes an enormous population reduction of the nematode and minimizes short-term losses, however, the use of nematicidal chemical compounds has been shown to have a high risk of environmental contamination and can be harmful to producers and consumers. For this reason, it is essential to develop control strategies whose objective is not the complete eradication of the nematode, but its manipulation until achieving a reduction in its population density below the threshold of crop damage, through the integrated use of different control methods. in a certain period of time. This will contribute to maintaining environmental quality and reducing economic losses suffered by producers. | es_ES |
| dc.description | In Ecuador, papaya (Carica papaya L.), is an important species in the country's economy, due to its high-yielding fruit and the essential nutritional value for the organism, this species is widely appreciated for being one of the few fruit trees that It produces continuously throughout the year after fruiting has begun. The papaya is prone to being attacked by various pests that cause a significant productive loss, among them the nematodes, with Meloidogyne spp being the most damaging for the crop because it produces direct and indirect damage. Phytoparasitic nematodes such as Meloidogyne spp are a group of microscopic worms that live in the soil and are considered a high impact pest in any agrosystem due to their pathogenic action on plants, making it impossible to maintain economically viable agriculture. Annual economic losses are estimated to be around $10 billion in world agricultural production, a problem because most farmers and even technicians possess only basic knowledge about nematodes and their control. Among the control methods, the use of chemical products is the most common, since it causes an enormous population reduction of the nematode and minimizes short-term losses, however, the use of nematicidal chemical compounds has been shown to have a high risk of environmental contamination and can be harmful to producers and consumers. For this reason, it is essential to develop control strategies whose objective is not the complete eradication of the nematode, but its manipulation until achieving a reduction in its population density below the threshold of crop damage, through the integrated use of different control methods. in a certain period of time. This will contribute to maintaining environmental quality and reducing economic losses suffered by producers. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | En Ecuador la papaya (Carica papaya L.), es una especie importante en la economía del país, debido a su fruta de alto rendimiento y el valor nutritivo indispensables para el organismo, esta especie es ampliamente apreciada por ser uno de los pocos frutales que produce continuamente durante todo el año después de haberse iniciado la fructificación. La papaya es propensa a ser atacada por diversas plagas que ocasionan una pèrdida productiva significante, entre ellos los nemátodos, siendo Meloidogyne spp el más perjudicial para el cultivo debido a que produce daños directos e indirectos. Los nemátodos fitoparásitos como Meloidogyne spp son un grupo de gusanos microscópicos que viven en el suelo y se consideran una plaga de gran impacto en cualquier agrosistema por su acción patogénica sobre las plantas ocasionando que sea imposible mantener una agricultura económicamente viable. Las pérdidas económicas anuales se calculan alrededor de 10 billones de dólares en la producción agrícola mundial, un problema debido a que la mayor parte de agricultores e incluso técnicos poseen sólo un conocimiento básico acerca de los nemátodos y su control. Dentro de los métodos de control, el uso de productos químicos es el más común, ya que provoca una enorme reducción poblacional del nemátodo y minimiza las pérdidas a corto plazo, sin embargo, se ha demostrado que el uso de compuestos químicos nematicidas tienen un alto riesgo de contaminación medio ambiental y pueden ser nocivos para productores y consumidores. Por ello es esencial desarrollar estrategias de control cuyo objetivo no sea la erradicacion completa del nemátodo sino la manipulación del mismo hasta conseguir la reducción de su densidad de población por debajo del umbral de daño al cultivo, a traves del uso integrado de distintos métodos de control en un cierto periodo del tiempo. Esto contribuira a mantener la calidad ambiental y la disminución de perdidas económicas que padecen los productores. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 18 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO:UTB,2020 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Meloidogyne | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Nemátodos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Control | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Papaya | es_ES |
| dc.title | Alternativas de control del nemátodo Meloidogyne spp en el cultivo de papaya (Carica papaya L. | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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