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Descripción del uso de diatomeas como correctores de suelos ácidos
| dc.contributor.advisor | Morán Caicedo, Ider Alfonso | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vera Acosta, José Andrés | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-05-29T05:32:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-05-29T05:32:14Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/7999 | |
| dc.description | The present work carried out represents a contribution to reveal relevant information from the research and work done on diatoms and their use as acid soil correctors. Climate and parent material are the main factors that have defined the great diversity of soils in Ecuador. In general, old soils (which do not develop on volcanic material) are acidic, of low fertility and high content of interchangeable aluminum. There is also an aggressive deterioration of soil resources in the country. Diatoms are single-celled microscopic organisms that belong to the Heterokontophyta division and the Bacillariophyceae class, they are microalgae. It is the most diverse group of algae and is found in both marine and continental environments. Diatomaceous earth is a material formed by fossilized algae typical of fresh and marine waters. As a pH regulator in acidic soils, as the ions increase, the content of aluminum and iron decreases, and in this way it acts as a regulator of the pH of the soil through an electrostatic mechanism that "blocks" Fe, Al and Mn, elements that cause acidity in soils. There are several types of diatoms. Aulacoseira granulata, rich in silicon (42%), belongs to freshwater diatoms. It is navicular (canoe-shaped) and includes individuals with round ends and lanceolate valves, fluted in the middle zone in the opposite direction to the poles. Soil microorganisms are the most important components of the soil. They constitute its living part and are responsible for the dynamics of transformation and development. The amount of application of diatoms to correct acidic soils will depend on the level of acid in the soil, according to several authors, which indicates that 5 kg of diatoms dissolved in 100 liters of water per hectare and in powder form should be applied. 8 kg per hectare. | es_ES |
| dc.description | The present work carried out represents a contribution to reveal relevant information from the research and work done on diatoms and their use as acid soil correctors. Climate and parent material are the main factors that have defined the great diversity of soils in Ecuador. In general, old soils (which do not develop on volcanic material) are acidic, of low fertility and high content of interchangeable aluminum. There is also an aggressive deterioration of soil resources in the country. Diatoms are single-celled microscopic organisms that belong to the Heterokontophyta division and the Bacillariophyceae class, they are microalgae. It is the most diverse group of algae and is found in both marine and continental environments. Diatomaceous earth is a material formed by fossilized algae typical of fresh and marine waters. As a pH regulator in acidic soils, as the ions increase, the content of aluminum and iron decreases, and in this way it acts as a regulator of the pH of the soil through an electrostatic mechanism that "blocks" Fe, Al and Mn, elements that cause acidity in soils. There are several types of diatoms. Aulacoseira granulata, rich in silicon (42%), belongs to freshwater diatoms. It is navicular (canoe-shaped) and includes individuals with round ends and lanceolate valves, fluted in the middle zone in the opposite direction to the poles. Soil microorganisms are the most important components of the soil. They constitute its living part and are responsible for the dynamics of transformation and development. The amount of application of diatoms to correct acidic soils will depend on the level of acid in the soil, according to several authors, which indicates that 5 kg of diatoms dissolved in 100 liters of water per hectare and in powder form should be applied. 8 kg per hectare. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | El presente trabajo que se realizó representa una contribución de dar a conocer información relevante de investigaciones y trabajos realizados sobre las diatomeas y su uso como correctores de suelos ácidos. El clima y el material parental son los principales factores que han definido la gran diversidad de suelos del Ecuador, Generalmente, los suelos viejos (que no se desarrollan sobre material volcánico) son ácidos, de baja fertilidad y alto contenido de aluminio intercambiable. Existe además en el país, un agresivo deterioro del recurso suelo. Las diatomeas son organismos unicelulares microscópicos pertenecientes a la división Heterokontophyta y a la clase Bacillariophyceae, son microalgas Es el grupo algal más diverso, y se encuentra tanto en ambientes marinos como continentales. La tierra de diatomeas es un material formado por algas fosilizadas propias de aguas tanto marinas como dulces. Como regulador de pH en los suelos ácidos al incrementar los iones baja el contenido de Aluminio y de Hierro, y de esta forma actúa como regulador del pH del suelo por mecanismo electroestático “bloquea” al Fe, Al y Mn, elementos causantes de la acidez de los suelos. Existen varios tipos de diatomeas. la aulacoseira granulata, rica en silicio (42%), pertenece a las diatomeas de agua dulce. Es navícula (en forma de canoa) e incluye individuos con extremos redondos y válvulas lanceoladas, estriadas transversalmente en la zona media en sentido opuesto a los polos. Los microorganismos del suelo son los componentes más importantes de este. Constituyen su parte viva y son los responsables de la dinámica de transformación y desarrollo. La cantidad de aplicación de diatomeas para corregir suelos acidos va a depender del nivel de acides del suelo, según varios autores indican que se debe aplicar 5 kg de diatomeas disueltos en 100 litros de agua para una Hectárea y de forma de espolvoreo 8 kg por hectárea. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 27 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2020 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Diatomeas | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Silicio | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Acidez | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Suelo. | es_ES |
| dc.title | Descripción del uso de diatomeas como correctores de suelos ácidos | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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