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Estrategias naturales para el manejo del carbón de la espiga (Ustilago maydis) en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en el Ecuador
| dc.contributor.advisor | Gutiérrez Mora, Xavier | |
| dc.contributor.author | Sánchez Salvatierra, Melanie Jamileth | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-02T17:37:04Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-09-02T17:37:04Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/17121 | |
| dc.description | The disease known as head smut, caused by the pathogen Ustilago maydis (Persoon) Roussel, can be easily identified in commercial corn cultivation. The objective was to detail the natural strategies for the management of head smut (Ustilago maydis) in the cultivation of corn (Zea mays L.). In the preparation of this document we sought to obtain updated information from scientific literature, online resources and digital repositories. These sources provided diverse perspectives and concepts from various authors, which were crucial to analyzing the research process. This work was carried out as a non-experimental bibliographic research, using methods of synthesis and summary of the information obtained. The conclusions determined that the symptoms present discoloration until they acquire a brown tone. A notable gray to white mycelial development can be seen throughout the spike. The growth usually originates at the base of the ear and progresses in an upward direction. Fungal infection can occur in various regions of the plant, particularly in young, actively growing tissues affecting the grain (cob) of the crop and causing reductions in yield. No natural control strategies have been identified; However, the implementation of practices such as the application of balanced fertilizers is recommended, according to the results of soil analysis. This is because high concentrations of nitrogen in the soil, combined with low levels of phosphorus, increase the risk of incidence of the disease known as smut. | es_ES |
| dc.description | The disease known as head smut, caused by the pathogen Ustilago maydis (Persoon) Roussel, can be easily identified in commercial corn cultivation. The objective was to detail the natural strategies for the management of head smut (Ustilago maydis) in the cultivation of corn (Zea mays L.). In the preparation of this document we sought to obtain updated information from scientific literature, online resources and digital repositories. These sources provided diverse perspectives and concepts from various authors, which were crucial to analyzing the research process. This work was carried out as a non-experimental bibliographic research, using methods of synthesis and summary of the information obtained. The conclusions determined that the symptoms present discoloration until they acquire a brown tone. A notable gray to white mycelial development can be seen throughout the spike. The growth usually originates at the base of the ear and progresses in an upward direction. Fungal infection can occur in various regions of the plant, particularly in young, actively growing tissues affecting the grain (cob) of the crop and causing reductions in yield. No natural control strategies have been identified; However, the implementation of practices such as the application of balanced fertilizers is recommended, according to the results of soil analysis. This is because high concentrations of nitrogen in the soil, combined with low levels of phosphorus, increase the risk of incidence of the disease known as smut. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | La enfermedad conocida como carbón de la espiga, ocasionada por el patógeno Ustilago maydis (Persoon) Roussel, puede ser identificada de manera sencilla en el cultivo comercial de maíz. El objetivo planteado fue detallar las estrategias naturales para el manejo del carbón de la espiga (Ustilago maydis) en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.). En la elaboración de este documento se buscó obtener información actualizada de literatura científica, recursos en línea y repositorios digitales. Estas fuentes proporcionaron perspectivas y conceptos diversos de varios autores, los cuales fueron cruciales para analizar el proceso de la investigación. Este trabajo se llevó a cabo como una investigación bibliográfica no experimental, utilizando métodos de síntesis y resumen de la información obtenida. Las conclusiones determinaron que los síntomas presentan decoloración hasta adquirir un tono marrón. Se puede apreciar un notable desarrollo micelial de color gris a blanco en la totalidad de la espiga. El crecimiento generalmente se origina en la base de la oreja y progresa en dirección ascendente. La infección por hongos puede ocurrir en varias regiones de la planta, particularmente en los tejidos jóvenes en crecimiento activo afectando el grano (mazorca) del cultivo y provocando reducciones en el rendimiento. No se han identificado estrategias naturales de control; no obstante, se recomienda la implementación de prácticas como la aplicación de fertilizantes balanceados, según los resultados de análisis del suelo. Esto se debe a que altas concentraciones de nitrógeno en el suelo, combinadas con niveles bajos de fósforo, aumentan el riesgo de incidencia de la enfermedad conocida como carbón común. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 22 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Control | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Enfermedad | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Gramíneas | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Patógenos | es_ES |
| dc.title | Estrategias naturales para el manejo del carbón de la espiga (Ustilago maydis) en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en el Ecuador | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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