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Los macronutrientes y su importancia en el cultivo de café (Coffea arábica) en el Ecuador
| dc.contributor.advisor | Goyes Cabezas, Víctor Julio | |
| dc.contributor.author | Castro Villacis, Adonis Fabricio | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-30T16:16:46Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-08-30T16:16:46Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/17066 | |
| dc.description | Macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur) can be pointed out as the fundamental elements that are needed in greater proportions to guarantee and optimize the development and durability of the coffee crop. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. From the above details, it is determined that macronutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. These elements are absorbed by the plant in large quantities and play an important role in the growth and development of coffee plants. Nitrogen helps the plant grow vigorously and produce good fruit development because it keeps the leaves green and shiny and has good transportability. Phosphorus intervenes in some metabolic processes that stimulate cell division, correct root development and the growth of new shoots; favors flowering, yield, production and fruit quality. Potassium guarantees the yield and quality of the fruits, sugar transport, stomatal control; reduce the susceptibility of the plant to diseases, the impact of drought. Magnesium guarantees the yield and quality of the fruits, sugar transport, stomatal control; reduces plant susceptibility to diseases, improves color, quality and durability of coffee products. Calcium is important for root growth; This element plays an important role as a regulator of plant growth, in its development and in its ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions, thus improving resistance to diseases. Sulfur helps strengthen the structure of the plant and supports resistance to cold and attack by pests and diseases. The absorption of macronutrients in coffee plants from 3 to 6 years old is as follows: 163 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (N), 26 kg ha-1 of phosphorus (P), 154 kg ha-1 of potassium (K ), 74 kg ha-1 of calcium (Ca), 33 kg ha-1 of magnesium (Mg) and 14 kg ha-1 of sulfur (S) on dark loam soils (molisols). | es_ES |
| dc.description | Macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur) can be pointed out as the fundamental elements that are needed in greater proportions to guarantee and optimize the development and durability of the coffee crop. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. From the above details, it is determined that macronutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. These elements are absorbed by the plant in large quantities and play an important role in the growth and development of coffee plants. Nitrogen helps the plant grow vigorously and produce good fruit development because it keeps the leaves green and shiny and has good transportability. Phosphorus intervenes in some metabolic processes that stimulate cell division, correct root development and the growth of new shoots; favors flowering, yield, production and fruit quality. Potassium guarantees the yield and quality of the fruits, sugar transport, stomatal control; reduce the susceptibility of the plant to diseases, the impact of drought. Magnesium guarantees the yield and quality of the fruits, sugar transport, stomatal control; reduces plant susceptibility to diseases, improves color, quality and durability of coffee products. Calcium is important for root growth; This element plays an important role as a regulator of plant growth, in its development and in its ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions, thus improving resistance to diseases. Sulfur helps strengthen the structure of the plant and supports resistance to cold and attack by pests and diseases. The absorption of macronutrients in coffee plants from 3 to 6 years old is as follows: 163 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (N), 26 kg ha-1 of phosphorus (P), 154 kg ha-1 of potassium (K ), 74 kg ha-1 of calcium (Ca), 33 kg ha-1 of magnesium (Mg) and 14 kg ha-1 of sulfur (S) on dark loam soils (molisols). | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Los macronutrientes (nitrógeno, fosforo, potasio, calcio, magnesio, azufre) se puede puntualizar que son los elementos fundamentales que se necesitan en mayores proporciones para garantizar y optimizar el desarrollo y la perduración del cultivo de café. La presente investigación se desarrolló como componente no experimental de carácter bibliográfico, mediante una técnica de análisis, síntesis y resumen de la información obtenida. Por lo anteriormente detallado se determinó que los macronutrientes incluyen nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio, magnesio y azufre son elementos son absorbidos por la planta en grandes cantidades, juegan un papel importante en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas de café. El nitrógeno ayuda a que la planta crezca vigorosamente y produzca un buen desarrollo de frutos porque mantiene las hojas verdes y brillantes y tiene buena transportabilidad. El fósforo interviene en algunos procesos metabólicos que estimulan la división celular, correcto desarrollo de las raíces y al crecimiento de nuevos brotes; favorece la floración, el rendimiento, la producción y la calidad del fruto. El potasio garantiza el rendimiento y la calidad de los frutos, el transporte de azúcar, el control estomático; reduce la susceptibilidad de la planta a las enfermedades, el impacto de la sequía. El magnesio garantiza el rendimiento y la calidad de los frutos, el transporte de azúcar, el control estomático; reduce la susceptibilidad de la planta a las enfermedades, mejora el color, la calidad y la durabilidad de los productos de café. El calcio es importante para el crecimiento de las raíces; este elemento juega un papel importante como regulador del crecimiento de las plantas, en su desarrollo y en su capacidad de adaptación a condiciones ambientales adversas, mejorando así la resistencia a enfermedades. El azufre ayuda a fortalecer la estructura de la planta y apoya la resistencia al frío y al ataque de plagas y enfermedades. La absorción de macronutrientes en plantas de café de 3 a 6 años de edad es la siguiente: 163 kg ha-1 de nitrógeno (N), 26 kg ha-1 de fósforo (P), 154 kg ha-1 de potasio (K), 74 kg ha-1 de calcio (Ca), 33 kg ha-1 de magnesio (Mg) y 14 kg ha-1 de azufre (S) en los suelos oscuros (molisoles) francos. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 36 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Nutrientes | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Crecimiento | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Rendimiento | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Absorción | es_ES |
| dc.title | Los macronutrientes y su importancia en el cultivo de café (Coffea arábica) en el Ecuador | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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