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Manejo integrado de Euprosterna elaeasa Dyar en el cultivo de palma aceitera Elaeis guineensis Jacq
| dc.contributor.advisor | López Izurieta, Marlon | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mancilla Torres, Daniel Antonio | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-04-15T16:34:42Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-04-15T16:34:42Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16170 | |
| dc.description | In oil palm, the insect E. elaeasa is one of the pests of greatest economic importance and, like other defoliating pests, constant monitoring of its populations is necessary; It is very prolific, infesting large areas of crops and quickly reaching high population levels, causing up to 80 % defoliation and subsequent large yield losses. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. Based on the above, it is determined that the E. elaeasa larvae between the second and fourth stages gnaw the lower part of the epidermis, thus facilitating the entry of pathogenic microorganisms that cause Pestalotiopsis. From the fifth or sixth stage, the larvae eat the leaves and, when their population is high, they leave only the central vein of the leaves; The larvae alone can consume between 40 and 75 cm2 of leaf area, with 68 % of consumption occurring in the final stage. Monitoring is carried out through sampling on sheet numbers 17 and 25 once a month; The critical index is greater than 12 larvae per leaf to proceed with the respective control. Biological, cultural and chemical control methods are the most appropriate to reduce the publications of the pest insect E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation. The following measures can be applied for the cultural control of E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation: Use of light traps, capture of adults and pruning in the crop. The insecticides recommended for the control of E. elaeasa in oil palm are: Diptex, Azodrín, Sevín, Cymbush, Ripcord and Decis, Sumicidin, Bacillus thuringiensis (biopesticides: Thuricide, Dipel 8 L), Alsystin and Dimilin. Within the biological control of E. elaeasa in oil palm there are natural parasitoids such as: Trichogramma, Casinaria sp. Bacillus thuringiensis and polynuclear polyhedrosis virus. | es_ES |
| dc.description | In oil palm, the insect E. elaeasa is one of the pests of greatest economic importance and, like other defoliating pests, constant monitoring of its populations is necessary; It is very prolific, infesting large areas of crops and quickly reaching high population levels, causing up to 80 % defoliation and subsequent large yield losses. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. Based on the above, it is determined that the E. elaeasa larvae between the second and fourth stages gnaw the lower part of the epidermis, thus facilitating the entry of pathogenic microorganisms that cause Pestalotiopsis. From the fifth or sixth stage, the larvae eat the leaves and, when their population is high, they leave only the central vein of the leaves; The larvae alone can consume between 40 and 75 cm2 of leaf area, with 68 % of consumption occurring in the final stage. Monitoring is carried out through sampling on sheet numbers 17 and 25 once a month; The critical index is greater than 12 larvae per leaf to proceed with the respective control. Biological, cultural and chemical control methods are the most appropriate to reduce the publications of the pest insect E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation. The following measures can be applied for the cultural control of E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation: Use of light traps, capture of adults and pruning in the crop. The insecticides recommended for the control of E. elaeasa in oil palm are: Diptex, Azodrín, Sevín, Cymbush, Ripcord and Decis, Sumicidin, Bacillus thuringiensis (biopesticides: Thuricide, Dipel 8 L), Alsystin and Dimilin. Within the biological control of E. elaeasa in oil palm there are natural parasitoids such as: Trichogramma, Casinaria sp. Bacillus thuringiensis and polynuclear polyhedrosis virus. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | En palma aceitera el insecto E. elaeasa es una de las plagas de mayor importancia económica y, al igual que otras plagas defoliadoras, es necesario un seguimiento constante de sus poblaciones; es muy prolífico, infesta grandes áreas de cultivos y alcanza rápidamente altos niveles de población, provocando hasta un 80 % de defoliación y las consiguientes grandes pérdidas de rendimiento. La presente investigación se desarrolló como componente no experimental de carácter bibliográfico, mediante una técnica de análisis, síntesis y resumen de la información obtenida. Por lo anteriormente detallado se determina que las larvas de E. elaeasa entre el segundo y cuarto estadio roen la parte inferior de la epidermis, facilitando así la entrada de microorganismos patógenos causales de la Pestalotiopsis. A partir del quinto o sexto estadio, las larvas comen las hojas y, cuando su población es elevada, dejan sólo la vena central de las hojas; las larvas por sí solas pueden consumir entre 40 y 75 cm2 de área foliar, y el 68 % del consumo ocurre en el estadio final. El monitoreo se realiza a través de un muestreo en la hoja número 17 y 25 una vez por meses; el índice crítico es mayor a 12 larvas por hoja para proceder a realizar el control respectivo. Los métodos de control biológico, cultural y químico son los más adecuados para reducir las publicaciones del insecto plaga E. elaeasa en el cultivo de palma aceitera. El control cultural de E. elaeasa en el cultivo de palma aceitera se puede aplicar las siguientes medidas: Uso de trampas de luz, Capturas de adultos y Podas en el cultivo. Los insecticidas recomendados para el control de E. elaeasa en la palma aceitera son: Diptex, Azodrín, Sevín, Cymbush, Ripcord y Decis, Sumicidin, Bacillus thuringiensis (biopesticidas: Thuricide, Dipel 8 L), Alsystin y Dimilin. Dentro del control biológico de E. elaeasa en la palma aceitera existen parasitoides naturales como: Trichogramma, Casinaria sp. Bacillus thuringiensis y virus de la poliedrosis polinuclear. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 28 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Daños | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Biología | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Plaga | es_ES |
| dc.subject.other | Control | es_ES |
| dc.title | Manejo integrado de Euprosterna elaeasa Dyar en el cultivo de palma aceitera Elaeis guineensis Jacq | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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