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Manejo del Moho blanco (Sclerotinia sclerotium), en el cultivo de fréjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mora Castro, Oscar Wellington | |
| dc.contributor.author | Guanín Lema, Juan Sebastián | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-04-15T16:25:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-04-15T16:25:43Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16168 | |
| dc.description | This document deals with the management of White Mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium) in the cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The planned objectives were to detail the damage caused by White Mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium) in the bean crop and to establish the different control measures for this disease. The conclusions determine that the optimal temperatures for the development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum range between 12 and 18°C, conditions that are manifested during the flowering stage of the bean. It is evidenced by the symptoms it causes on the stem at ground level, generating a dark brown or blackish spot that expands to form a ring, constricting the plant and causing its death. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is characterized by a spongy white mycelium with the presence of small dark sclerotia. Infection promotes extensive mycelium production with the development of sclerotia, which detach and fall to the ground as the tissue is destroyed by fungal activity. In cultural practices, the use of reduced amounts of seed during the sowing process is suggested. Include organic matter (crop residues), implement crop rotation, eliminate crop residues. The application of fungicides containing chlorothalonil, propiconazole, azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin can serve to improve protective measures against plant infections. In addition, it is possible to use antagonistic microorganisms in the soil, such as the Trichoderma fungus, or use biological fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis. | es_ES |
| dc.description | This document deals with the management of White Mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium) in the cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The planned objectives were to detail the damage caused by White Mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium) in the bean crop and to establish the different control measures for this disease. The conclusions determine that the optimal temperatures for the development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum range between 12 and 18°C, conditions that are manifested during the flowering stage of the bean. It is evidenced by the symptoms it causes on the stem at ground level, generating a dark brown or blackish spot that expands to form a ring, constricting the plant and causing its death. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is characterized by a spongy white mycelium with the presence of small dark sclerotia. Infection promotes extensive mycelium production with the development of sclerotia, which detach and fall to the ground as the tissue is destroyed by fungal activity. In cultural practices, the use of reduced amounts of seed during the sowing process is suggested. Include organic matter (crop residues), implement crop rotation, eliminate crop residues. The application of fungicides containing chlorothalonil, propiconazole, azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin can serve to improve protective measures against plant infections. In addition, it is possible to use antagonistic microorganisms in the soil, such as the Trichoderma fungus, or use biological fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | El presente documento trata sobre el manejo del Moho blanco (Sclerotinia sclerotium), en el cultivo de fréjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Los objetivos planeados fueron detallar los daños que provoca el Moho blanco (Sclerotinia sclerotium), en el cultivo de fréjol y establecer las diferentes medidas de control de esta enfermedad. Las conclusiones determinaron que las temperaturas óptimas para el desarrollo de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum oscilan entre 12 y 18°C, condiciones que comúnmente se manifiestan durante la etapa de floración del frijol. Se evidencia por los síntomas que provoca en el tallo a nivel del suelo, generando una mancha de color marrón oscuro o negruzco que se expande formando un anillo, constriñendo la planta y provocando su muerte. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum se caracteriza por un micelio blanco esponjoso con presencia de pequeños esclerocios oscuros. La infección promueve la producción extensa de micelio con el desarrollo de esclerocios, que se desprenden y caen al suelo a medida que el tejido es destruido por la actividad fúngica. Se sugiere en las prácticas culturales el empleo de cantidades reducidas de semilla durante el proceso de siembra. Incluir materia orgánica (residuos de cultivos), implementar la rotación de cultivos, eliminar los residuos de cosecha. La aplicación de fungicidas que contienen clorotalonil, propiconazol, azoxistrobina o piraclostrobina puede servir para mejorar las medidas protectoras contra las infecciones de las plantas. Adicionalmente, es posible emplear microorganismos antagonistas en el suelo, como el hongo Trichoderma, o utilizar fertilizantes biológicos que contengan Bacillus subtilis. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 31 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Patógenos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Enfermedades | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Frejol | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Funguicidas | es_ES |
| dc.title | Manejo del Moho blanco (Sclerotinia sclerotium), en el cultivo de fréjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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