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Aspectos biológicos de especies de Trichogramma como agente de control biológico del gusano cogollero del maíz (Spodoptera frugiperda).
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mora Castro, Oscar | |
| dc.contributor.author | Najera Ulloa, Anthony Daniel | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-04-10T14:09:07Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-04-10T14:09:07Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16024 | |
| dc.description | The species of the genus Trichogramma, recognized as parasitoids of S. frugiperda, are characterized by being micro wasps because they have an orange-yellow to blackish body color, their body length is 0.5 mm, the females have simple nail-shaped antennae and the males feathery antennae; The importance of these wasps is that they parasitize S. frugiperda eggs; especially the most frequently reported species is T. pretiosum. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. Based on the above, it was determined that the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. It is the most important insect for the control of S. frugiperda in corn crops; Its importance lies in its easy large-scale distribution and easy release into the open air. Trichogramma sp., is characterized by a microscopic wasp, 0.5 to 0.8 mm long, with partial markings on the dorsal side of the femur and dark metasosomes on the apical third; the males are darker in color, their antennae are long, thin and fuzzy; the female is lighter in color and has shorter and thicker antennae. Trichogramma sp. It is a short-lived parasitic wasp; In the first 24 hours after the eggs are laid, they hatch inside their host, become larvae and feed in the larval state for 5 days, pupate for 2 days and then they will be in their final state away from the host. Densities of 100,000 individuals/ha and 200,000 individuals/ha of Trichogramma sp. respectively, they can achieve parasitism percentages of 75.4% and 84.5%, values considered high; where some authors consider that the optimal dose is one whose density achieves a range of 60 to 90% parasitism on S. frugiperda eggs. The three parasitoid species T. atopovirilia, T. exiguum and T. pretiosum have a high percentage of parasitism between 80 and 85% on S. frugiperda eggs in corn crops. | es_ES |
| dc.description | The species of the genus Trichogramma, recognized as parasitoids of S. frugiperda, are characterized by being micro wasps because they have an orange-yellow to blackish body color, their body length is 0.5 mm, the females have simple nail-shaped antennae and the males feathery antennae; The importance of these wasps is that they parasitize S. frugiperda eggs; especially the most frequently reported species is T. pretiosum. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. Based on the above, it was determined that the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. It is the most important insect for the control of S. frugiperda in corn crops; Its importance lies in its easy large-scale distribution and easy release into the open air. Trichogramma sp., is characterized by a microscopic wasp, 0.5 to 0.8 mm long, with partial markings on the dorsal side of the femur and dark metasosomes on the apical third; the males are darker in color, their antennae are long, thin and fuzzy; the female is lighter in color and has shorter and thicker antennae. Trichogramma sp. It is a short-lived parasitic wasp; In the first 24 hours after the eggs are laid, they hatch inside their host, become larvae and feed in the larval state for 5 days, pupate for 2 days and then they will be in their final state away from the host. Densities of 100,000 individuals/ha and 200,000 individuals/ha of Trichogramma sp. respectively, they can achieve parasitism percentages of 75.4% and 84.5%, values considered high; where some authors consider that the optimal dose is one whose density achieves a range of 60 to 90% parasitism on S. frugiperda eggs. The three parasitoid species T. atopovirilia, T. exiguum and T. pretiosum have a high percentage of parasitism between 80 and 85% on S. frugiperda eggs in corn crops. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Las especies del género Trichogramma reconocidas como parasitoides de S. frugiperda, se caracterizan por ser micro avispas por tener el cuerpo de color amarillo anaranjado a negruzco, la longitud de su cuerpo es de 0.5 mm, las hembras presentan antenas simples de forma clavada y los machos antenas plumosas; la importancia de estas avispitas es que parasitan huevos de S. frugiperda; especialmente la especie con mayor frecuencia reportada es T. pretiosum. La presente investigación se desarrolló como componente no experimental de carácter bibliográfico, mediante una técnica de análisis, síntesis y resumen de la información obtenida. Por lo anteriormente detallado se determinó que el parasitoide Trichogramma sp. es el insecto más importante para el control de S. frugiperda en el cultivo de maíz; su importancia radica en su fácil distribución a gran escala y fácil liberación al aire libre. Trichogramma sp., se caracteriza por una avispa microscópica, de 0,5 a 0,8 mm de largo, con marcas parciales en la cara dorsal del fémur y metasosomas oscuros en el tercio apical; los machos son de color más oscuro, sus antenas son largas, delgadas y borrosas; la hembra es de color más claro y tiene antenas más cortas y gruesas. Trichogramma sp. es una avispa parásita de vida corta; en las primeras 24 horas después de la puesta de los huevos, estos eclosionan dentro de su huésped, se convierten en larvas y se alimentan en estado larvario durante 5 días, pupan durante 2 días y luego estarán en su estado final lejos del huésped. Densidades de 100000 individuos/ha y 200000 individuos/ha de Trichogramma sp. respectivamente, pueden lograr porcentajes de parasitismo de 75.4 % y 84.5 % valores considerados altos; en donde algunos autores consideran que la dosis optima es aquella cuya densidad logre un rango de 60 a 90 % de parasitismo sobre huevos de S. frugiperda. Las tres especies de parasitoides T. atopovirilia, T. exiguum y T. pretiosum poseen un alto porcentaje de parasitismo entre 80 y 85 % sobre huevos de S. frugiperda en el cultivo de maíz. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 30 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2024 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Parasitoides | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Huevos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Plaga | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Control | es_ES |
| dc.title | Aspectos biológicos de especies de Trichogramma como agente de control biológico del gusano cogollero del maíz (Spodoptera frugiperda). | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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