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Principales nematodos fitoparásitos en el cultivo de pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Barros Veas, Carlos | |
| dc.contributor.author | Calixto Contreras, Mario Enrique | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-10-31T20:42:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-10-31T20:42:35Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/13086 | |
| dc.description | The pitahaya crop has a great importance in its distribution and perspectives, due to its potential for commercialization and its capacity to acclimatize to non-ideal environments, such as soil moisture deficit. The potential yield of the pitahaya crop can be considerably affected by different pests and diseases, with the main problem being phytoparasitic nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus and Trichodorus. Most pitahaya growers do not identify in the best way the symptoms and damages caused by phytoparasitic nematodes, in which it is important to establish an adequate management to reduce the population densities of the main phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the pitahaya crop. The information obtained was carried out through the technique of analysis, synthesis and summary, with the purpose of informing the reader about the main phytoparasitic nematodes in the pitahaya crop (Hylocereus spp.). According to the above, it was determined that the main phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the pitahaya crop are those of the genus Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus and Trichodorus. The phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the production of the pitahaya crop can be adequately controlled through chemical control by applying abamectin, which is a substance of systemic and contact movement that attacks the scare machine of the phytoparasitic nematodes causing the inhibition of neurotransmitters, causing paralysis and subsequently the death of phytoparasitic nematode in the pitahaya crop. The application of the fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus allows parasitizing adults, eggs, and in smaller volume, juveniles in grade J2; being widely used in incorporated nematode control programs, particularly to reduce Meloidogyne spp. populations. | es_ES |
| dc.description | The pitahaya crop has a great importance in its distribution and perspectives, due to its potential for commercialization and its capacity to acclimatize to non-ideal environments, such as soil moisture deficit. The potential yield of the pitahaya crop can be considerably affected by different pests and diseases, with the main problem being phytoparasitic nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus and Trichodorus. Most pitahaya growers do not identify in the best way the symptoms and damages caused by phytoparasitic nematodes, in which it is important to establish an adequate management to reduce the population densities of the main phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the pitahaya crop. The information obtained was carried out through the technique of analysis, synthesis and summary, with the purpose of informing the reader about the main phytoparasitic nematodes in the pitahaya crop (Hylocereus spp.). According to the above, it was determined that the main phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the pitahaya crop are those of the genus Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus and Trichodorus. The phytoparasitic nematodes that affect the production of the pitahaya crop can be adequately controlled through chemical control by applying abamectin, which is a substance of systemic and contact movement that attacks the scare machine of the phytoparasitic nematodes causing the inhibition of neurotransmitters, causing paralysis and subsequently the death of phytoparasitic nematode in the pitahaya crop. The application of the fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus allows parasitizing adults, eggs, and in smaller volume, juveniles in grade J2; being widely used in incorporated nematode control programs, particularly to reduce Meloidogyne spp. populations. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | El cultivo de pitahaya tiene una gran importancia en su distribución y perspectivas, debido a sus potencialidades para la comercialización y capacidad de aclimatación a ambientes no ideales, como es el caso del déficit de humedad en el suelo. El rendimiento potencial del cultivo de pitahaya puede ser afectado considerablemente por diferentes plagas y enfermedades, teniendo como principal problema a los nematodos fitoparásitos del género Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus y Trichodorus. La mayoría de los productores de pitahaya no identifican de la mejor manera los síntomas y daños que ocasionan los nematodos fitoparásitos, en la cual es importante establecer un adecuado manejo para disminuir las densidades poblaciones de los principales nematodos fitoparásitos que afectan el cultivo de pitahaya. La información obtenida fue efectuada mediante la técnica de análisis, síntesis y resumen, con la finalidad de que el lector conozca sobre los principales nematodos fitoparásitos en el cultivo de pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.). De acuerdo a lo detallado anteriormente se determinó que, los principales nematodos fitoparásitos que afectan el cultivo de pitahaya son los del género Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus y Trichodorus. Los nematodos fitoparásitos que afectan la producción del cultivo de pitahaya pueden ser controlados de forma adecuada mediante el control químico aplicando abamectina, la misma que es una sustancia de movimiento sistémico y de contacto que ataca la máquina de asustar de los nematodos fitoparásitos provocando la inhibición de los neurotransmisores, provocando la parálisis y posteriormente la muerte de nematodo fitoparásitos en el cultivo de pitahaya. La aplicación del hongo Paecilomyces lilacinus permite parasitar adultos, huevos, y en menor volumen, juveniles en grado J2; siendo ampliamente utilizado en programas de control de nematodos incorporados, particularmente para reducir las poblaciones de Meloidogyne spp. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 37 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2022 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Nematodos | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Pitahaya | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Daños | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Manejo | es_ES |
| dc.title | Principales nematodos fitoparásitos en el cultivo de pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.) | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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